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Chapter 6 Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
Information about Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure
15
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/16/2012

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Term
Flat Bones
Definition
Bones that provide protection for underlying soft tissues and offer an extensive surface area for the attachment of skeletal muscles.
Term
Sesamoid Bones
Definition
Bones that are generally small, flat, and shaped somewhat like a seamoid, which develop inside tendons and are most commonly located near joints at the knees, the hands, and the feet.
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
The expanded area found at each end of the bone.
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
A narrow zone that connects the epiphysis to the shaft of the bone.
Term
Nutrient Foramen
Definition
A tunnel that penetrates the diaphysis and provides access for the nutrient artery and/or vein.
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
Mature bone cells that maintain the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix through the turnover of matrix components.
Term
Osteroblasts
Definition
Makes and release the protein and other organic components of the matrix and assist in elevating local concentrations of calicum salts deposited in the organic matrix.
Term
Osteoclasts
Definition
Cells that remove and recycle bone matrix.
Term
Interstitial Lamellae
Definition
Fills in the space between the osteons in compact bone.
Term
Endosteum
Definition
An  incomplete cellular layer that lines the medullary cavity.
Term
Endochondral Ossification
Definition
The replacemement of a cartilaginous model to bone.
Term
Spicules
Definition
Developing bone grows outward from the ossification center in samll struts.
Term
Pituitary Growth Failure
Definition
Inadequate producation of growth hormone that leads to reduced epiphyseal cartilage activity and adnormally short bones.
Term
Achondroplasia
Definition
The epiphyseal cartilages of the long bones grow unusally slowly and are replaced by bone early in life.
Term
Gigantism
Definition
An overproduction of growth hormone before puberty.
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