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Chapter 6 flashcards
Anatomy & Physiology
15
Anatomy
Graduate
09/19/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

How many bones are in the human Body?

Definition

 

 

 

There are 206 Bones in the human body.

Term

 

 

 

How many bones make up the Axial Skeleton? Give examples.

Definition

 

 

126 Bones make up the Axial Skeleton

  • Bones of the skull, thorax, vertebral column
  • Form longitudinal axis of the body
Term

 

 

 

How many bones make up the Appendicular Skeleton? Give examples

Definition

 

 

 

80 Bones make up the Appendicular skeleton

 

  • Bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the Axial skeleton

 

 

Term

 

 

 

What are the functions of the Skeletal System?

Definition
Support (support for body, attachment for soft tissues)
Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphate)
Calcium most abundant mineral in body (~2–4 lb)
98% stored in bones
Blood cell production (all formed elements of blood)
Protection (delicate tissues and organs surrounded by bone)
Leverage (act as levers with skeletal muscles to move body)
Term

 

 

 

Bone classification: Name 6 categories based on shape

Definition
  • Flat bones
  • Sutural bones
  • Long bones
  • Short bones
  • Irregular bones
  • Sesamoid bones
Term

 

 

 

Bone surface features include:

Definition

 

Internal and External features that are related to functions

 

 

Elevations/projections for tendon and ligament attachment

Depressions/grooves/tunnels for blood vessels or nerves to lie alongside or penetrate
Term

 

 

 

Name Periosteum two layers and functions:

Definition
1.Fibrous outer layer
2.Cellular inner layer
Functions
1.Isolate bone from surrounding tissues
2.Route for blood and nervous supply
3.Actively participate in bone growth and repair
Term

 

 

 

Name a disorder and describe how it shortens bones:

Definition

 

Pituitary growth failure
Reduction in growth hormone leads to reduced epiphyseal cartilage activity and short bones
Rare due to treatment with synthetic growth hormone

 

Term

 

 

 

 

Name a disorder and describe the affect on long bones:

Definition
Marfan syndrome
Excessive cartilage formation at epiphyseal cartilage
Causes long, slender limbs
Other connective tissue abnormalities cause cardiovascular issues
Term

 

 

 

What is Fibrodysplasiaossificansprogressiva (FOP)

Definition
Gene mutation that causes bone deposition around skeletal muscles

Bones developing in unusual places = heterotopic(hetero, place) or ectopic (ektos, outside)
Term

 

 

 

What is Acromegaly?
Definition

 

 

 

Growth hormone levels rise after epiphyseal plates close
Bones get thicker

Especially those in face, jaw, and hands

Term

 

 

 

What is the most Abundant mineral in the body?

Definition

 

 

 

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body

Term

 

 

 

What is a fracture?

Definition

 

 

 

Crack or break due to extreme mechanical stress
Most heal as long as blood supply and cellular parts of periosteum and endosteum survive
Term

 

 

 

Name the type of fracture: Break shaft across the long axis

Definition

 

 

 

Transverse

Term

 

 

 

Name the type of fracture: At the ankle and affects both leg bones

Definition

 

 

 

Pott

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