Term
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Definition
| a small rounded passageway through which blood vessels or nerves penetrate the bone. |
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Definition
| have thin, roughly parallel surfaces. They form the roof of the skull, the sternum, the ribs, and the scapulae. |
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Definition
| an expanded area found at each end of the bone |
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Definition
| a tunnel that penetrates the diaphysis and provides access for the nutrient artery and/or vien. |
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Definition
| mature bone cells that maintain the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix through the turnover of matrix components. |
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Definition
| cells that remove and recycle bone matrix |
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Definition
| the basic functional unit of mature compact bone |
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Definition
| fill in the spaces between the osteons in compact bone. |
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Definition
| layer that surrounds a bone that has a fibrous outer layer and a cellular inner layer |
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Definition
| an incomplete cellular layer that lines the medullary cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Separates the epiphysis from the diaphysis |
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Term
| Endochondral Ossification |
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Definition
| The replacement of a cartilaginous model by bone; the characteristics mode of formation for skeletal elements other than the bones of the cranium, the clavicles, and sesamoid bones. |
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Term
| Intramembranous Ossification |
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Definition
| begins when mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts within embryonic or fibrous connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| small struts where the developing bone grows outward from the ossification center |
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Definition
| inadequate production of growth hormone leads to reduced epiphyseal cartilage activity and abnormally short bones |
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Term
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Definition
| results from abnormal epiphyseal activity. The epiphyseal cartilages of the long bones grow unusally slow and are replaced by bone early in life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Four small glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland |
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Term
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) |
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Definition
| a hormone secretged by the parathyroid glands twhen plasma calcium levels fall below the normal range |
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Definition
| a break or crack in a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| forms as a network of spongy bone unites the inner edges |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs at the ankle and affects both bones of the leg |
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Term
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Definition
| occur in the vertebrae subjected to extreme stresses |
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Term
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Definition
| a break in the distal portion of the radius |
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Term
| Closed or Simple Fractures |
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Definition
| completely internal fractures that can only be seen on x-rays because they do not involve a break in the skin |
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Term
| Open or Compound Fractures |
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Definition
| fractures that project through the skin |
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