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Chapter 6
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25
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/26/2013

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Flat bone
Definition

thin, roughly parallel surfaces

eg. cranial bones, sternum

Term
long bones
Definition

relatively long and slender

eg. varius bones of the limbs

Term
short bones
Definition

small and boxy

eg. carpals and tarsals

Term
osteocytes
Definition
bone cells
Term
sesamoid bones
Definition

small, flat, and somewhat shaped like a sesame seed

develope in the tendons of the knees, hands, and feet

 

Term
canal or meatus
Definition
large passageway
Term
sinus
Definition
chamber within bone, usually filled with air
Term
osteoprogenitor cells
Definition

stem cells that produce cells that differentiate into osteoblasts

important in fracture repair

Term
osteoclasts
Definition
remove and remodel bone matrix
Term
calcium phosphate
Definition
2/3 of bone weight
Term
circumferential lamellae
Definition
outer and inner surfaces of compact bone layer
Term
interstitial lamellae
Definition
fills spaces between osteons
Term
appositional bone growth
Definition
increases diameter of existing bones
Term
endosteum
Definition
covers sopngy bone and lines central canals
Term
patuitary growth failure
Definition
reduction in growth hormone that leads to short bones
Term
achondroplasia
Definition
causes short limbs but a normal sized trunk.
Term
marfan syndrome
Definition
causes long and slender limbs
Term
gigantism
Definition
overproduction of growth hormone vefore puberty
Term
fibrodysplasia
Definition
gene mutation that causes bone deposition around skeletal muscles
Term
acromegaly
Definition
growth hormone levels rise after epiphyseal plates close
Term
calcium
Definition

most abundant mineral in the body

99% of it is in the skeleton

Term
fracture
Definition
crack or break due to extreme mechanical stress
Term
types of fractures
Definition
simple and compound
Term
simple fracture
Definition
only seen on x-rays
Term
compound fracture
Definition
a broken bone protruding through the skin
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