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Chapter 6
Anatomy Chapter 6 flash cards
17
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/01/2013

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Term
Axial skeleton
Definition
bones of skull, thorax, and vertebral column
Term
appendicular skeleton
Definition
bones of the limbs and girdles that attach them to the axial skelton
Term
functions of the skeletal system
Definition
support, storgae of minerals, blood cell production, protection, and leverage
Term
articular cartiladge
Definition
avascular and receives resources from synovial fluid
Term
calcium phosphate
Definition
accounts for about 2/3 bone weight
Term
osteocytes
Definition
mature bone cells that cannot divide, most numerous bone cell type, maintain protein and mineral content of adjacent matrix, and occupy lacunae
Term
circumferential lamellae
Definition
outer and inner surfaces of compact bone layer
Term
appositional bone growth
Definition
increases bone diameter of existing bones, does not form original bones
Term
collagen fibers
Definition
join the bone to tendons and ligaments
Term
periosteum
Definition
consists of two layers: fibrous outer layer, and cellular inner layer
Term
secondary ossification centers
Definition
form as capillaries and osteoblasts migrate into epiphyses
Term
achondroplasia
Definition
epiphyseal cartiladge grows unusually slow
Term
gigantism
Definition
overproduction of growth hormone before puberty
Term
fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Definition
gene mutation that causes bone deposition around skeletal muscles
Term
acromegaly
Definition
growth hormone levels rise after epiphyseal plates close and bones get thicker, especially those in face, jaw and hands
Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition
increase blood calcium levels
Term
calcitonin
Definition
decrease blood calcium levels
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