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CHAPTER 6
bone types and other stuff
24
Anatomy
12th Grade
11/06/2006

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Term
Fibrocartilage
Definition
the most compressable cartilage; resistant to stretch and forms vertebral discs and knee joint cartilage
Term
Elastic Cartilage
Definition
abundant with more elastic fibers causing elasticity
Term
Hyaline Cartilage
Definition
the most abundant type of cartilage; provides support
Term
Ossification
Definition
bone formation
Term
Canaculi
Definition
extremely small tubular passages or canals
Term
Lacunae
Definition
a small space, cavity, or depression in the bone or cartilage which are occupied by cells
Term
Haversian Canal
Definition
runs through the core of the osteon
Term
Osteoclast
Definition
bone dissolver
Term
Osteoblast
Definition
bone builder
Term
Osteocyte
Definition
bone maintainer
Term
Hematopoiesis
Definition
blood cell formation
Term
Red Marrow
Definition
primarily in spongy bone; red blood cell reproduction
Term
Yellow Marrow
Definition
fat-> diaphysis
Term
Articular Cartilage
Definition
covers joint surfaces of each epiphysis; cushions opposing bone ends during joint movement and absorbs stress
Term
Epiphyseal Plate
Definition
a disc of hyaline cartilage that grows during childhood to lengthen the bone
Term
Periosteum
Definition
a glistening white, double layered membrane that covers joint surfaces on the epiphysis of the bone
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
bone ends
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
the tubular shaft that forms the long axis of the bone; thick collar of compact bone which surrounds a central medullary cavity (marrow)
Term
Irregular Bones
Definition
Bones that aren't in any of the other categories; primarily spongy bones covered with a thin layer of compact bone
ex: vertebrae, some smaller bones
Term
Flat Bones
Definition
consists of a sandwich of cancellous (spongy bone) between two layers of cortical (compact) bone
ex: mandible (jaw), the skull
Term
Short Bones
Definition
roughly cubed shape with vertical and horizontal dimensions somewhat equal; primarily consists of spongy bone
ex: carpal bones
Term
Long Bones
Definition
have cancellous (spongy) bone at each end; longer than they are wide; filled with bone marrow
ex: femur, ulna, radius
Term
Spongy Bone
Definition
also known as cancellous or trabecular; pourous and a network of fibers shaped like small rodds and plates
Term
Compact Bone
Definition
solid, although blood vessels do run through it
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