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Chapter 5: Cartilage and Bone Tissue
n/a
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/30/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Cartilage funtions
Definition

support, protect, move
form joints

form embryo skeleton

Term
2 cell types in cartilage
Definition

1. chondroblasts: make cartilage, in perichondrium

 

2. chondrocytes, w/in cartilage

Term
apposition
Definition
cartilage grows from chondroblasts
Term
interstitial growth
Definition
cartilage grows from chondrocytes
Term
chondrocyte location
Definition
lacunae: pockets created at time of division
Term
cartilage matrix made up of _______
Definition

collagen fibers

ground substance (complex sugar+proteins)

one type: elastic fibers

Term
three types of cartilage
Definition

hyaline

elastic

fibrocartilage

Term
hyaline
Definition

common

costal cartilage (rib), nose, trachea, larynx, articular cartilage

Term
elastic
Definition
ear and epiglottis
Term
fibrocartilage
Definition

in symphyses (bones growing together)

 

joint cushion (knee, jaw)

Term
articular cartilage
Definition

type of hyaline found in synovial joints

no perichondrium

Term
perichondrium
Definition
dense connective tissue surrounding most cartilage
Term
fibrocartilage function
Definition

strengthen tendon/ligament attachmens

form symphyses

form menisci of knee

Term
bone functions
Definition

support, protect, move

store minerals

Term
bone cell types
Definition

osteoblast (make bone cells)

osteocyte (maintain bone cells)

osteoasts (destroy bone cells)

 

Term
5 components of matrix
Definition

fibers,

collagen (spirals and layers), ground substance, proteoglycan complexes, specific osteoid proteins

Term
ground substance and collagen have this in common
Definition

bind minerals: hydroxyapatite crystals (Ca2+ and PO4)

citrate, fluoride, strontium

Term
dynamicness of bone tissue
Definition

vascular

remodeling: aging, stress

healing: regeneration

Term
two mechanisms of osteogenesis
Definition

intramembranous: on connective tissue membrane (head)

endochondral: bone replaces "prototype" (chondro=cartilage)

Term
young vs mature bone
Definition

young: woven

mature (1 yr): lamellar (layered)

Term
osteon
Definition
[image]
Term
osteocyte/lacuna location
Definition
[image]
Term
Perforating (Volkmann's) Canal
Definition
[image]
Term
periosteum
Definition
[image]
Term
three main components of bon tissue
Definition

outer: compact bone

inner: spongy bone

inner cavity: marrow cavity (make blood/fat)

Term
endosteum
Definition
[image]
Term
epiphyses
Definition

 

for attaching ligament, etc[image]

Term
articular cartilage
Definition
[image]
Term
long bone: diaphysis
Definition
[image]
Term
long bone: metaphysis
Definition
[image]
Term
long bone: epiphysis
Definition
[image]
Term
long bone: growth plate
Definition
[image]
Term
long bone at moveable joints
Definition
articular coartilage
Term
flat bone
Definition
[image]
Term
short bone
Definition

length≈width

hands/feet

Term
irregular bones
Definition
no defined shape: vertebrae, hip, etc.
Term
sesamoid bones
Definition

biggest in knee cap (patella)

[image]

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