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Chapter 5
Landmark Cases
25
History
10th Grade
11/17/2009

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Cards

Term
Pierce v. Society of Sisters(1925)
Definition
Though states may require public education, they may not require that students attend only public schools.
Term
Everson v. Board of Education(1947)
Definition
The wall-of-seperation principle is annouced.
Term
Zorauch v. Clauson(1952)
Definition
States may allow students to be released from public schools to attend religious instruction.
Term
Engel v. Vitale(1962)
Definition
There May Not Be A prayer,even a nondenominational one, in public schools.
Term
Lemon v. Kurtzman(1971)
Definition
Three tests are described for deciding whether the government is improperly involved with religion.
Term
Lee v. Weisman(1992)
Definition
Public schools may not have clergy lead prayers at graduation ceremonies.
Term
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe(2000)
Definition
Students may not lead prayers before the start of a football game at a public school.
Term
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris(2000)
Definition
Voucher plan to pay school bills is upheld.
Term
Palko v. Connecticut (1937)
Definition
Supreme court says that states must observe all "fundamental" liberties.
Term
Gitlow v. New York (1925)
Definition
Supreme courts says the First amendment applied to the states.
Term
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
Definition
To libel a public figure, there must be "actual malice."
Term
Mapp v. Ohio (1961):
Definition
Evidence illegally gathered by the police may not be used in a criminal trial
Term
Miranda v. Arizona (1966):
Definition
Court describes ruling that police must give to arrested persons.
Term
United States v. Leon (1984):
Definition
Illegally obtained evidence may be used in a trial if it was gathered in good faith without violating principles of the Mapp decision.
Term
Reno v. ACLU (1997)
Definition
A law that bans sending "indecent" material to minors over the Internet is unconstitutional because "indecent" is too vague and broad a term.
Term
Dickerson v. United States (2000):
Definition
The Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and it cannot be altered by Congress passing a law.
Term
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life (2007)
Definition
Prohibits campaign finance reform law from banning political advocacy.
Term
Rasul v. Bush and Hamdi v. Rumsfeld (2004):
Definition
Terrorist detainees must have access to a neutral court to decide if they are legally held.
Term
Schenk v. United States (1919)
Definition
Speech may be punished if it creates a clear-and-present danger test of illegal acts.
Term
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire (1942)
Definition
"Fighting words" are not protected by the First Amendment
Term
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Definition
Public school sutdents may wear armbands to class protesting against America's war in Vietnam when such display does not disrupt classes.
Term
Miller v. California 91973)
Definition
Obscenity defined as appealing to prurient interests of an average person with materials that lack literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.
Term
Texas v. Johnson (1989)
Definition
There may not be a law to ban flag-burning.
Term
McConnell v. Federal Election Commission (2003)
Definition
Upholds 2002 campaign finance reform law.
Term
Gideon v. Wainwright (1964)
Definition
Persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.
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