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Chapter 4: Skin (Integument)
n/a
13
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/16/2012

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Term
epidermis structure
Definition

stratified squamous epithelium, keratinized

basement membrane and three layers

Term
three layers of living cells
Definition

stratum basale (mitosis)


stratum spinosum (desmosomes form for biding, make keratin)


stratum granulosum (makes 2 granule types: to form mature keratin and waterproofing to protect from dehydration)

Term
functions of skin and hypodermis
Definition
protection, regulate body temperature, excretion, make vitamin D, sensory reception
Term
main cell types in skin
Definition

keratinocytes,


below stratum granulosum:


melanocytes (make melanin),

tactile epithelial cells (merkel),

dendritic 

Langerhans (immune)

Term
nonliving keratin layers
Definition
stratum lucidum, stratum corneum (surface)
Term
five skin layers from outside in
Definition
corneum (horny), lucidum (clear, thick only), granulosum (granular), spinosum (spiny), basale (germ)
Term
keratinocytes
Definition
come from deep epidermis, make keratin (tough, fibrous) and antibodies and enzymes
Term
other stuff in skin
Definition
hair, eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands (armpit, expell tip of cell), arrector pili (goose bump), sebaceous glands
Term
dermis structure
Definition

less dense, irregular, has blood vessels and nerves


two layers: papillary and reticular (most, deep)


has meissner's and pacinian corpuscles (touch and pressure)

Term
thick vs thin skin
Definition
amount of stratum corneum, presence of stratum lucidum, different levels of keratin
Term
exocrine glands of skin
Definition

merocrine: release secretion granules (eccrine)


apocrine: release apex of cell


holocrine: release whole cell (sebaceaous)


cytogenous: part of cell transferred (melanocytes)

Term
papilla
Definition
bumps
Term
stratum granulosum produces ___
Definition

keratohyalin

lamellated granules (make keratin and waterproof)

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