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| The Dominion of New England |
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| A single administrative unit established under James II in 1686, with its capital at Boston, comprised of Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Plymouth. New York and the Jerseys were added in 1688. |
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| An invasion by a small Dutch army into England, headed by William of Orange, in 1688. Most royal troops defected to William, and Catholic and French-friendly James II fled to France. |
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| Legislature drafted following the Glorious Revolution, and limiting the monarch's power. The crown was required to summon Parliament annually, sign all its bills, and respect traditional civil liberties. |
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| After hearing of Boston's coup and arrest of Governor Andros, New York's militia - comprised of mainly Dutch and non-English artisans and shopkeepers - seized the harbor's main fort on May 31, 1689. Captain Leisler took command of the colony, and arrested several New York elites and English troops under the pretense that they were loyal to James. He was later sent to the gallows after the new governor tried him for treason (for firing on royal troops). |
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| Conspirators attempting to secure Maryland for Protestant monarchs William and Mary (and from Catholic Lord Baltimore, whose messenger detailing his conformity to the crown never reached Maryland). They seized the capital in July 1689, removed all Catholics from office, and requested a royal governor. |
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| An outbreak of war in 1689 - 1697, inspired by England's joining of a European coalition against France's Louis XIV. The war prompted New Englanders and New Yorkers to launch a two-pronged, failed invasion into New France in 1690: one aimed at Montréal and the other at Québec. The war led to a 20% decline in Iroquois population, 1300 lost European-American lives, and conflicts within the Iroquois Confederacy. |
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| Two separate treaties, one signed between the Iroquois and France and its Indian allies, making peace for access to western furs; the other involved Britain, redefining their alliance to exclude military cooperation. The new treaties gave the Iroquois control of their lands, the ability to rebuild their decimated populations, and minimal loss of life in the subsequent European wars. |
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| A war fought in 1702 between England and France and Spain. The conflict reinforced Anglo-American's awareness of their military weakness; French and their Indian allies from Canada destroyed several towns; the Spanish military almost took Charles Town, Carolina in 1706. |
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| The political-economic ideology held by Britain, France, and Spain that a nation's power is measured in wealth, especially gold. Mercantilist nations sought economic independence, and asserted their acquisition of raw materials, or to prevent their rivals from the same, through war. |
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| Articles of legislature, enacted from 1651 - 1733 governing commerce between England and its colonies, and supporting mercantilism. Acts included the mandate of English vessels for trade, imports from non-English nations to pass through England before being sent to the Americas, and the ban of imports from non-English vessels. The Molasses Act taxed all foreign molasses to protect British West Indian sugar producers. |
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| The mass shipment of black slaves from Africa to America in terrible conditions. |
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| An uprising of slaves in South Carolina in 1739. Africans seized guns and ammo, and marched towards Spanish Florida. They burned seven plantations and killed twenty whites, before being encircled and executed by mounted militia within a day. |
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| A war fought between 1711 - 1713. It started when Iroquoian-speaking Tuscororan Indians destroyed New Bern, a Swiss settlement of seven hundred immigrants. To retaliate, the Carolinas joined forces with each other and their allied Natives, and killed or enslaved about 1,000 (1/5) of the Tuscarora population. In 1722, the Tuscarora became the 6th nation of the Iroquois Confederacy. |
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| A war between 1715 - 1716, led by formerly-friendly Yamasee, Catawba, Creek, and other Native Indians, who attack English trading houses and settlements, in retaliation to increased abuse and deceit. The English enlist the Cherokees, and arm four hundred slaves, in order to crush the uprising. |
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| A series of treaties forged between the Iroquois Confederacy and several colonies. Essentially, the Confederacy helped the British acquire land owned by other Indians. |
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| A fraudulent deed by the sons of William Penn, now proprietors of Pennsylvania. The deed alleged that, in 1686, Delaware Indians had agreed to give up as much land westward as a man could walk in a day and a half. Despite protests, the 64 miles covered in 1737 led to the mandatory surrender of an additional 1200 square miles of Delaware land to the Penn's. |
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| A trustee for the new colony of Georgia, who dominated the state for a decade. He purchased the land from Creek Indians. Intending to keep Georgia free of slavery, and establish a colony "to relieve the distressed," he failed completely. In 1733, he founded the Port of Savannah, opening Georgia's harbor and making it, along with Pennsylvania, the most religiously and ethnically-inclusive of the colonies. |
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| The merger of the Anglo-Spanish War and the War of the Austrian Succession (1740 - 1748). In North America in 1745, almost 4,000 New Englanders under the command of William Pepperell of Maine beseiged and captured the French bastion of Louisburg after seven weeks of siege. It was later exchanged for a British trading post in India which the French had captured. |
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| A Boston-born supporter of Enlightenment ideals. |
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