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Chapter 4
Tissue: The Living Fabric
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
09/15/2010

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Term
Four types of tissue in the body and slight definition
Definition
1. Epithelial (covering)
2. Connective tissue (support)
3. Muscle tissue (movement)
4. Nervous tissue (control)
Term
What does Epithelium tissues do?
Definition
Covering Epithelium
-Covers a body surface
-Lines a body cavity (on external and internal surfaces)
Glandular epithelia
-fashions the glands of the body (secretory tissue in glands)
Term
6 functions of Epithelium tissue
Definition
1. Protection
2. Absorption
3. Filtration
4. Excretion (sweat)
5. Secretion(mucus cells)
6. Sensory reception
Term
3 characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
Definition
1. Polarity (top and bottom)
2. Closely packed cells
3. Avascular but innervated (no blood, but nerves
4. High rate of regeneration
Term
Polarity of Epithelial Tissue
Definition
Apical surface: upper surface
Basal surface: inner surfface
-microvilli forms brush borders (inestine)
-cilia (moves, lining of trachea)
-noncellular basal lamina
(adhesive sheet of glycoproteins secreted by epithelial cells
-works as a filter to see what can diffuse from underlying connective tissue.
Term
Noncellular basal lamina
Definition
Lower layer of Epithelial tissue that controls diffusion from connective tissue below. A place for wounded epithelial cells to regenerate.
Term
Closely packed cells of Epithelial Tissue
Definition
Has tight junctions and Desmosomes
Term
Explain Avascular but innervated Epithelial Tissue
Definition
-No blood vessels
-Does have nerves
-E.Tissue is nourished by stubstances diffusing from blood in underlying connective tissue
Term
High rate of regeneration for Epithelial Tissue
Definition
Cells reproduce rapidly when the whole is being injured, replace lost cells by division.
Term
Simple Epithelium
Definition
Single cell layer (found where absorption, secretion, and filtration occur
Term
Stratified epithelium
Definition
2 or more layers of cells stacked ontop of each other (for protection, skin)
Term
Squamous
Definition
flatened and scale like tissue
Term
Cuboidal
Definition
boxlike as tall as they are wide cells
Term
Columnar cells
Definition
Tall and colum shaped cells
Term
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Definition
Single layer of cells of differing heights, some don't reach free surface, different level of nuclei
-secretes mucus
(found in sperm carrying ducts, trachea, upper respitory tract
Term
Transitional epithelium tissues
Definition
llooks like stratified squamous and stratified cuboidal. Bottom looks like squamous and top looks like cuboidal
-Stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine
(Lines ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra
Term
Endothelium
Definition
Simple squamous epithelium: The lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart
Term
Mesothelium
Definition
Simple squamous epithelium: Epithelium of serous (around organs) membranes in the ventral body cavity
Term
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Definition
Description: Single layer of cublike cells with large spherical central nuclei
Function: Secretion and absorption
Location: Kidney tubules, ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
Term
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Definition
Desc: Single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei, some have cilia, may contain mucus secreting glands

Funct: Absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes and other stuff, cilia propels mucus

Location: Non cilia: digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), galbladder, excretory ducts
Cilia'd: small bronchi, uterine tubes, some of uterus
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