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Chapter 3
world civ chapter 3
24
History
Undergraduate 2
05/26/2016

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Cards

Term
What were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro?
Definition
huge cities in the indus valley that disappeared suddenly we dont know why
Term
What was the writing system(is it dephicered) and what were the seals of the Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro?
Definition
Pictographic writing system(not deciphered)
Seals were used by merchants and there are over 400 and also might hold links to Proto-Dravidian language group
Term
What is a monsoon?
Definition
strong seasonal winds that bring rain or dry depending on the season (extreme rain or extreme dry)
Term
What influence do monsoons have on India?
Definition
Nervous agriculture because even small variations in the cycle or volume of rain can make floods or famine
Term
What makes Harappan cities unique as far as their layout?
Definition
It was extremely uniform and organized
Laid out according to a meticulously planned grid
Very straight streets of exactly measured brick
Term
What sanitation innovations did the Harappan use?
Definition
Toilets emptying into sewage system
Bathing room with waterproof floor and drain
Term
What are the ecological conditions that may have contributed to the decline of the Harappan cities?
Definition
- land ran out of resources
- river flooded too much
- drought
- increased salt levels
Term
Who were the Aryans, where did they originate?
Definition
- They were the villians of the Harappans
- orginiated from Caspian sea
Term
What languages make up the Proto-Indo-European languages?
Definition
Latin, German, Greek, Slavic, Celtic (Gaelic), Sanskrit (Indian literary language)
Term
What were the Vedas?
Definition
Indo-Aryans main works of written epic poems, hymns, prayers, symbolic myths, and history
Term
Specifically what kind of society does the Rig-Veda picture?
Definition
- Idealized and allegorical society led by warrior chieftains and priests, had herders, cultivators, artisans, and servants.
- Strongly patriarchal, elaborate hierarchy based on kinship and prowess
Term
Who was Indra?
Definition
God in 1/4 of the verses in the Rig-Veda
Portrayed as the Vedic heroic ideal
Term
Why does rice require a high degree of cooperation?
Definition
required meticulous, intensive labor at every stage of growth and had an elaborate infrastructure.
extra-
they had to be grown in shallow, measured water and transplanted before harvest
Term
What was a Janapadas?
Definition
A strong agrarian-based state
(it means popular territories)
Term
What is Dharma?
Definition
- Duty in accordance with one's capabilities and the requirements of one's place in society
Term
How does Dharma support a rigid caste structure?
Definition
- people were born into their role
- personal and political
Term
What were the four major castes?
Definition
Brahman- priests
Kshatriya- Kings and warriors
Vaishya- Merchants
Shudra- Peasants, servants, laborers
Term
Who were the untouchables in the caste system?
Definition
new category unclean occupations- butchers, refuse(trash) collectors, privy cleaners, leather workers, tend to deaders
Term
Who were the outcasts in caste system?
Definition
In the untouchable category, people who were placed on fringes of society for various offenses
Term
What was Sati?
Definition
Ritual sacrifice of a woman who's husband has died
forced or voluntary suicide to show faithfulness
Term
What is karma-samsara?
Definition
the transmigration of souls and reincarnation
Term
What is karma?
Definition
residue of one's deeds carried on the soul
Term
What is samsara?
Definition
rebirth of the soul into a new body
Term
What is Jati?
Definition
the caste system in india
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