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chapter 3
cells
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/11/2011

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Term
the smallest living thing
Definition
cell
Term
waterly medium inside a cell
Definition
cytosol
Term
the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium
Definition
plasma/cell membrane
Term
call membranes allow certain molecules to pass, while blocking others
Definition
selective permeability
Term
movement of water across a membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration is known as ..
Definition
osmosis
Term
the process by which by molecules, such as oxygen, are moved into cells along their concentration gradient directly through the cell membrane is caled ..
Definition
diffusion
Term
the process that occurs when a physical pressure pushes materials through a barrier is called ..
Definition
flitration
Term
a solution that contains a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called ..
Definition
hypertonic
Term
a solution with a lower-than-normal osmotic pressure is referred to as a(n)
Definition
hypotonic
Term
a process that requires ATP energy to move a substance independently of its concentration gradient is called ..
Definition
active transport
Term
the release of intracellular materials by a vesicle at the cell surface is called ..
Definition
exocytosis
Term
the process by which vesicles containing fluid are formed on the surface of a cell for transport into the cell is called ..
Definition
pinocytosis
Term
cylindrical extensions of the plasma membrane
Definition
cilia
Term
most of the proteins located in the plasma membrane are produced in the
Definition
endoplasmic reticulum
Term
the folds of the internal membrane within mitochondria
Definition
cristae
Term
most intracellular vesicles are formed by
Definition
golgi apparatus
Term
synthesis of most ATP takes place in the
Definition
mitochondria
Term
protein production is a function of the
Definition
ribosomes
Term
the cells RNA is produced in the
Definition
nucleus
Term
if a cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to ..
Definition
divide
Term
examination of a sample of cells reveals large numbers of mitochondria compared to most other cells. Which of the following is likely reason for this?
Definition
anticodon
Term
the control center for gene expression
Definition
nucleus
Term
the coils of DNA and protein found in the cell nucleus are called ..
Definition
chromatin
Term
the coils of DNA and protein found in the cell nucleus are called ..
Definition
chromatin
Term
the nucleus controls the synthesis of which molecules
Definition
proteins
Term
three base sequences that indicate a specific amino acid on MRNA are called
Definition
triplet code
Term
as each codon binds at the active site of a ribosome, it interacts with another molecule. this molecule is called?
Definition
transfer RNA
Term
the type of RNA that holds a copy of the genetic information is the . .
Definition
messenger RNA
Term
the mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence UAG on a tRNA is ..
Definition
AUC
Term
the stage in the cell's life cycle in which the chromosomes are at the opposite poles of the cell and the cellular cleavage is nearly complete is called . .
Definition
interphase
Term
during the process of mitosis, chromatids separate during . .
Definition
anaphase
Term
the term benign refers to . .
Definition
encapsulated
Term
which of the following is a concept of the cell theory?
Definition
the basic structural units of all plants and animals

the smallest functioning units of life

cells are produced only by division of preexisting cells

the primary function of each cell in the body is to maintains homeostasis
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