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Chapter 3
HAP - Cell Function and Mitosis
50
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/01/2008

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Term
vesicle
Definition
storage organelle in animal cells
Term
chromatin
Definition
composed of a single, linear DNA molecule turned back on itself many times
Term
lysosome
Definition
concerned with foreign protein digestion
Term
chromatin
Definition
contain a single, closed-loop strand of DNA
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
critically involved with cell permeability
Term
vesicle
Definition
formed when a portion of the plasma membrane infolds and is pinched off
Term
chromatin
Definition
genes are thought to be specific sections of this organelle
Term
lysosome
Definition
responsible for cellular component recycling upon the death of the cell
Term
lysosome
Definition
the organelle that is particularly abundant in phagocytotic cells
Term
ribosomes
Definition
contains protein-synthesizing enzymes
Term
chromatin
Definition
the physical state of this organelle changes from highly diffuse in a nondividing cell to highly compact in a mitotic cell
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
protein fibers supporting the cytosol
Term
mitochondria
Definition
contain inner folds termed cristae
Term
RER, cytoskeleton
Definition
the two cellular structures to which cytoplasmic ribosomes are thought to attach
Term
RER, Golgi apparatus
Definition
responsible for altering, packaging and secreting proteins to perform extracellular functions
Term
ribosome
Definition
the "two part" organelle
Term
nucleolus
Definition
"storage sites" for RNA
Term
mitochondria
Definition
found in great quantity in metabolically active cells (muscle, liver)
Term
vesicles
Definition
dominate inactive cells
Term
mitochondria
Definition
has its own DNA and can produce copies of itself
Term
rough ER
Definition
serves as a transport network for newly-synthesized molecules
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
reinforced with cholesterol
Term
chromatin
Definition
contains the instructions that regulate the cell's activity
Term
mitochondria
Definition
thought to be the descendants of once-independent prokaryotic cells
Term
centrioles
Definition
gave rise to basal bodies
Term
smooth ER
Definition
responsible for lipid and carbohydrate synthesis
Term
basal bodies
Definition
give rise to cilia and flagella
Term
vesicle
Definition
utilized during exocytosis
Term
centrioles
Definition
replicates at the end of mitosis
Term
electronegative
Definition
Is the head of the phospholipid electronegative or positive?
Term
neuron
muscle fiber
Definition
nerve cell =
muscle cell =
Term
interstitial fluid
Definition
the ECF located in between cells
Term
matrix
Definition
if the ECF is semi-solid and contains a dense matting of protein, we call it _____.
Term
protoplasm
Definition
The substance of the whole cell is termed _______.
Term
lumen
Definition
space above the cilia
Term
10^14
Definition
The average adult has how many cells?
Term
marker
Definition
the membrane protein which acts as an identifier for a cell
Term
receptor
Definition
name the membrane protein which can distinguish self and non-self cells
Term
pore
Definition
the membrane protein which acts as an entry site for lipid-insoluble molecules
Term
centriole
Definition
the spindle attaches to what paired organelle?
Term
mitochondria
Definition
Where in the cell does sugar metabolism occur?
Term
true
Definition
T/F: Spindle protein assembly occurs during G2 of the cell cycle
Term
false
Definition
T/F: Mitosis produces gametes by way of two distinct division techniques
Term
desmosomes
Definition
"rivets" or "spot welds" that hold cells together
ex.) skin
Term
tight junctions
Definition
ions and molecules cannot pass through, prevents leakage
Term
gap junctions
Definition
substances can pass through this junction
Term
RER
Definition
external enzymes are made in the ______.
Term
peroxisomes
Definition
produce catalase
Term
1700
Definition
The typical cell contains how many mitochondria?
Term
large - 30 different proteins
small - 20 different proteins

made in the nucleolus and exported to the cytoplasm
Definition
Describe the subunits of ribosomes.
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