Term
| what is Marie Gouze famous for? |
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Definition
| advocate of women's rights (also a journalist, actress, and playwright) |
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Term
| Name two results of deep global significance of the revolutions of the late 18th and 19th centuries |
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Definition
1. helped spread Enlightenment ideas
2. encouraged consolidation of national states |
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Term
| In 2nd Treatise Civil Government , what important ideas did John Locke offer about sovereignty? |
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Definition
| govt's power comes from people. W/out consent came right to replace rulers |
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Term
| What ideas did Jean Jacques Rousseaus offer in his book "The Social Contract?" |
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Definition
| members of society were collectively the sovereign. in ideal society all individuals would participate directly in formation of policy and creation of laws. |
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Term
| Give 3 reasons that the NA colonists became disenchanted w/ British imperial rule. |
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Definition
1. resented taxes from Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Act, and Tea Act
2. Objected to strict enforcement of navigation laws
3. took offense to the quartering act. |
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Term
| what key ideas were reflected in teh Declaration of Independence? |
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Definition
| "all men are created equal, that they are endowed by the creator w/ certain unalienable rights." "consent of the governed" |
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Term
| British advantages in war against colonists? |
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Definition
| strong govt and authority, powerful navy, competent army, pop of loyalists. |
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Term
| Colonist advantages in war against the British? |
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Definition
| military/economic support of European states, George W., guerrilla tactics |
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Term
| Enlightenment ideas reflected in Constitution? (US) |
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Definition
| values of freedom and equality, popular sovereignty, individual liberties. |
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Term
| source of France's financial problems of the 1780's? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did King Louis XVI attempt to do to resolve French financial trouble? |
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Definition
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Term
| Three estates that made up ancient regime of France |
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Definition
1- 100 th Roman Catholic clergy
2- 400 th nobles
3- 24 mil serfs, peasants, urban residents |
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Term
| When the National Assembly met in 1789, which of the three estates seceded from the Estates General and declared themselves the National Assembly? |
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Definition
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Term
| What historic event occurred on July 14, 1789? |
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Definition
| Parisian crowd stormed Bastille in sear4ch of weapons adn ammo. Military garrision surrendered but killed many. Crowd killed defenders, sparked insurrections in cities throughout France. |
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Term
| Revolutionaries est Convention. Name significant acts of the Convention |
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Definition
| rallied French by instituting levee en masse, rooted out enemies at home, used gallutine. |
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Term
| Jacobian party- name 3 radical acts |
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Definition
1. closed chruches
2. reorganized calender
3. proclaimed inauguration of a new era |
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Term
| How did Napoleon bring political stablility to t heFrench republic? |
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Definition
| made peace w/ R.Catholic church, agreement with pope (concordat) |
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Term
| what did napoleon's civil code say? |
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Definition
| affirmed political & legal equality of all adult males, merit based society, protected private property |
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Term
| How did Napoleon limit Enlightenment ideas during his reign? |
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Definition
| limited free speech, censored newspapers/ pub est secret police forces, etc |
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Term
| Napeoleons empire at its peak. fall of Napoleon? result of hi death on French republic? |
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Definition
| conquered Iberian adn Italian peninsula, occupied Netherlands, Austria, Prussia. restored French monarchy. |
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Term
| Who lived in Saint Domingue? what resources were there? what was the social structure? |
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Definition
| gens de couleur, slaves, wealthy whites. white residents top. most colony toiled in fields. |
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Term
| attributes of Francois- Dominque Tossaint possessed that made him asuccessful leader for the revolt |
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Definition
| educated, intelligent, acute judge of character |
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Term
| When did Haiti get is independence adn what was unique about it? |
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Definition
| late in 1803. named after mountain, became 2nd independent republic in W Hemisphere |
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Term
| what diff groups lived in the iberian colonies? |
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Definition
| crillos, black slaves, mestizos, mulattoes |
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Term
| similarities btw creoles of LA and British colonists in NA? where in LA did revolts take place? |
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Definition
resented admin control and economic regulation imposed by Iverian powers. drew inspiration from Enlightenment political thought, tax revolts, pop uprisings
All spanish colonies in America except Cuba adn Puerto Rico |
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Term
| achievements of Miguel de Hidalgo |
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Definition
| peasant rebellian in Mexico- rallied indiginous pop and mestizos against colonial rule |
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Term
| achievements of Simon Bolivar |
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Definition
| took up arms against Spanish rule, assembled army that suprised adn crushed Spanish army in Columbia. campaigned in Venezula, Ecuador, adn Peru |
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Term
| Changes in Brazil after indipendence |
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Definition
| little change- creole elites dominated, stratified society, slavery, wealth R. Cath Church |
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Term
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Definition
| a coherent vision of human nature, human society and larger world that proposes some particular form of political and social org. |
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Term
| how is society like an organism |
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Definition
| changes slowly over generations |
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Term
| What was Edmund Burke's view of change? |
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Definition
| condemned radical or revolutionary change. |
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Term
| what was the liberal view of change |
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Definition
| took it on as normal and welcomed it as the agent of progress |
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Term
| Identify 3 views of liberal John Stuart Mill |
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Definition
1. promoted freedom of individuals to pursue their own economic and social reform
2. tried to ensure pwrful minorites would not curb freedoms of majority
3. advocated universal suffrage as most effective way to advance individual freedom |
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Term
| who was leading spokesperson in teh movement to end slavery? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was the abolition of slavery such a challenge when laws against th eslave trade had been successful? |
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Definition
| owners had property rights in their slaves. |
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Term
| According to Mary Wollstonecraft, why should women be entitled to an edu? What was the name of her essay on women's rights? |
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Definition
it would make them better wives adn mothers and would enavle them to contibute to society by preparing them for professional occupations and participation in political life.
A Vindication of the Rights of Women |
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Term
| what is American feminist Elizabeth Cdy Stanton remembered for. |
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Definition
| organized comference of feminists that passed 12 revolutions |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of comm that became prominent in 19th century emphasis historical scholarship. |
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Term
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Definition
| arose in response to exclusive nationalism |
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Term
| How did th eJewish ppl become a victim of nationalism |
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Definition
| ppl became distrustful of minorites. |
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Term
| purpose of Congress of Vienna? success? |
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Definition
| restore prerevolutionary order. no. out |
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Term
| what areas were annexed by Italy? |
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Definition
| kingdom of 2 sicilies, Papal states, tuscany, parma, kingdom of sardinia |
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Term
| with whom did Otto von Bismark provoke wars in teh fight for german unification? end result? |
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Definition
| Denmark, Austria, France, won adn proclaimed himself emporer |
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Term
| What are some things these national states did to build a sense of national community |
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Definition
| adopted national flags, anthems, holidays est bureaucracies, census, built schools. |
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