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| Council of workers formed to seize city government in Petrograd in 1917; basis for early political organization of Russian Revolution |
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| Liberal revolutionary leader during the early stages of the Russian Revolution of 1917; sought development of parliamentary rule, religious freedom |
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| Bolshevik wing of the Social Democratic party in Russia in 1917; came to power under Lenin after the November expulsion of Kerensky's liberal government |
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| Council of People's Commissars |
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| Government council composed of representatives from soviets across Russia and headed by Lenin; form of government initially established after November 1917 |
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| Social Revolutionary party |
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| Winners of the parliamentary majority of the first Russian election held following the November 1917 Bolshevik seizure of power; emphasized peasant support and rural reform; expelled in favor of Bolsheviks |
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| Lenin's parliamentary institution based on the soviets and Bolshevik domination; replaced the initial parliament dominated by the Social Revolutionary party |
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| Military organization constructed under leadership of Leon Trotsky, Bolshevik follower of Lenin; made use of people of humble background |
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| Initiated by Lenin in 1921; state continued to set basic economic policies, but efforts were now combined with individual initiative; policy allowed food production to recover |
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| Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
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| Federal system of socialist republics established in 1923 in various ethnic regions of Russia; firmly controlled by Communist party; diminished nationalities protest under Bolsheviks; dissolved 1991 |
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| Parliament of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; elected by universal suffrage; actually controlled by Communist party; served to ratify party decisions |
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| Successor to Lenin as head of the USSR; strongly nationalist view of Communism; represented anti-Western strain of Russian tradition; crushed opposition to his rule; established series of five-year plans to replace New Economic Policy; fostered agricultural collectivization; led USSR through World War II; furthered cold war with Western Europe and the United States; died in 1953 |
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| International office of communism under USSR dominance established to encourage the formation of Communist parties in Europe and elsewhere |
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| Agricultural entrepreneurs who utilized the Stolypin and later NEP reforms to increase agricultural production and buy additional land. |
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| Creation of large, state-run farms rather than individual holdings; allowed more efficient control over peasants; part of Stalin's economic and political planning; often adopted in other Communist regimes. |
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| Stalin's plans to hasten industrialization of USSR; constructed massive factories in metallurgy, mining and electric power; led to massive state-planned industrialization at cost of availability of consumer products |
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| Executive committee of the Soviet Communist party; 20 members |
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| Agreement between Hitler and Russia in 1939 before WWII, lasted two yrs |
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| North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)/Warsaw Pact |
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| Alliance b/n U.S. and west Europe/European pact as a common economic org |
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| Built in 1961 to halt the flow of immigration from East Berlin to West Berlin; immigration was in response to lack of consumer goods and close Soviet control of economy and politics. Wall was torn down at end of Cold War in 1991 |
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| Leader of Czech uprising, fought against Nazis in illegal communist movement, refused Soviet communism |
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| Polish labor movement formed in 1970s under Lech Walesa; challenged USSR-dominated government of Poland |
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| Attempt within the USSR to relate formal culture to the masses in order to avoid the adoption of Western European cultural forms; begun under Joseph Stalin; fundamental method of Soviet fiction, art, and literary criticism |
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| Russian author critical of the Soviet regime; published trilogy on the Siberian prison camps, The Gulag Archipelago |
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| Author who attacked soviet control, disguised as English teacher |
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| Stalin's successor as head of USSR; attacked Stalinism in 1956 for concentration of power and arbitrary dictatorship; failure of Siberian development program and antagonism of Stalinists led to downfall |
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| First unmanned spacecraft in 1957; sent up during Khrushchev's government; initiated space race with the United States, Yuir Gagarin first manned flight |
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| USSR ruler after 1985; renewed attacks on Stalinism; urged reduction in nuclear armament; proclaimed policies of glasnost and perestroika |
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| Policy of political liberation in Soviet Union in the late 1980s |
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| Policy of Mikhail Gorbachev calling for economic restructuring in the USSR in the late 1980s; more leeway for private ownership and decentralized control in industry and agriculture |
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| Began to move up the ladder of the Communist party in Soviet Union in 1968, becoming First Secretary of the Moscow City Party Committee in 1985; initially a loyal backer of Gorbachev but increasingly criticized him for unduly slow pace of reform; stood up to a coup attempt in 1991 but then managed to displace Gorbachev; in his position as president of the Russian Republic, sponsored several subsequent constitutional provisions and weathered battles with opponents in Parliament |
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| Germany gets a message that the russians are attacking, so they send some of their forces taht are attacking France over to russia, but by the time they got there the germans that were already there had fended the russians off. This was a big mistake for Germany because it allowed France to organize a counter-attack. |
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| All Quiet On The Western Front |
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| started on 11:00 on the 11th day of the 11th month. |
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| Peace treaty between russia and germany because russia was going through a revolution |
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| the Big 4 at the Treaty of V. |
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Votlorio of italy
Clemencezu of France
Lord-George of Britain
Woodrow Wilson of US |
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| the only one of 14 points that is inacted, and even then the us didn't join |
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| What does france get out of the war? |
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the best coal and iron deposits:
Saar river valley and the Rhineland |
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| young turk who defends against greeks |
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National leg. in Russia.
SR- social revolutionaries
SD- Socialist Democrats (MARXIST) |
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| Nicholas II's wife....get's info from Resputin...some cult thing goin on? |
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| it's over for Nicholas. On march 12 the riots get really bad and get to his palace and he gets overthrown and stuff and gives the throne to his son who gives it up in 1 1/2 hr |
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| the president of the provisional govt that replaces Nicholas II |
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| Minister of Foreign affairs in the new provisional govt |
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| Minister of justice in the provisional govt |
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| dude...germany sends this guy BACK into russia. damn....ok so he gets out of the war and so that's cool, but then he gives all power to the soviets and they aren't ready for that |
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| banker who woodrow puts in charge of gettin everything ready for war. he does it for 1 dolla' and he gets all the businesses makin stuff and it's great |
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| westerner goes along with british most of the time. |
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Balfoy declaration
-said that britain would give the jews their homeland and arabs wouldn't be disturbded. |
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| anglo persian oil co. duh |
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Rezakahn
and
Muhammad Reza Palevi |
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| eventually becomes Rezashah and modernizes persia. he makes a straight r.r. and spends lots of money...takes control of the oil co. and then starts sayin that hitler is cool....umm...not cool dude...so the brits kick him out and replace him with Muhammad Reza Palevi |
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| Scared people in india that saw that lots of people died from influenza went to the brits and the goverors house and started protesting and GENERAL DYER kills them all with his army. |
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