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Chapter 26
For the test.
66
History
10th Grade
02/29/2012

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Cards

Term
Where were the treaties made that started the system of Reservations?
Definition
Fort Laramie in 1851&1853 (Check for correction)
Term
What was the Job of the US Army after the civil war?
Definition
To clear the West of Indians and make it safe for Easterners.
Term
What period did the Indian Wars era take place?
Definition
From 1864-1890
Term
What two inventions gave the Army the upper hand?
Definition
The revolver (by Samuel Colt) and the Winchester Rifle.
Term
Who invented the Revolver?
Definition
Samuel Colt
Term
What was the name Indians gave to black soldiers in the US Army?
Definition
Buffalo Soldiers
Term
What was the Sand Creek Massacre?
Definition
When Colonel JM Chivington's troops slaughtered 400 Indians. (1864)
Term
What was the Fetterman Massacre?
Definition
When the Sioux Indians stopped the Bozeman Gold trail and Killed Cpt William J Fetterman and his 81 soldiers. (1868)
Term
What happened at the treaty of Ft Laramie and when was it signed?
Definition
Treaty established a large Sioux Reservation and relinquished control of the Bozeman Trail. (1868)
Term
Why did Col Custer lead a "geological" expedition to the Black Hills in South Dakota?
Definition
Because Gold was discovered there in 1874.
Term
What happened at the battle of Little Bighorn?
Definition
Sioux Indians led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. Custer led 400 calvarymen and 200+ infantry to over 12000 indians.
Term
Who led the Nez Perce tribe?
Definition
Chief Joseph
Term
What happened at the Battle of Bear Paw Mountain?
Definition
Chief Joseph was captured, and gave his speech saying "From where the sun now stands I will fight no more"
Term
How much of the Nez Perce died on the reservation?
Definition
40%
Term
Who was the leader of the Apache in the West?
Definition
Geronimo
Term
What 5 things caused the Indians to be subdued?
Definition
Railroads,diseases,lack of buffalo, war and loss of their land.
Term
How many buffalo were there at the end of the civil war?
Definition
Estimated 15 million
Term
Main reasons buffalo were diminished
Definition
The expansion of railroads.
Term
Why were buffalo killed by humans?
Definition
hides, sport, to kill off the indian way of life
Term
By 1885, how many buffalo were left?
Definition
Only 1000 in yellowstone
Term
Who wrote A Century of Dishonor?
Definition
Helen Hunt Jackson
Term
What did Helen Hunt Jackson's novels do to the American people?
Definition
They helped to outline the injustice from whites to Native Americans.
Term
Why did the government outlaw the sun dance?
Definition
They wanted to convert Indians to christianity.
Term
What was the significance of the ghost dance?
Definition
The Sioux believed if they did the ghost dance then Jesus would wipe out everybody but Indians in American and basically revert everything to 1491.
Term
What did the Government do about the Ghost dance?
Definition
They banned it because they thought it was a plot to bring down the US.
Term
What battle put an end to the Indian Wars?
Definition
The Battle of Wounded Knee(1890)
Term
What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?
Definition
It's overall goal was to blend indians into white society. Passed in 1887
Term
When could Indians become US Citizens?
Definition
After they lived in the US for 25 years.
Term
What was Carlisle Indian School
Definition
It's goal was to train the Indian children into english speaking christian children.
Term
Why was Jim Thorpe significant?
Definition
He was one of the best athletes in American History and a Graduate of Carlisle
Term
Where was gold discovered in 1858?
Definition
Pikes Peak, Colorado
Term
What was discovered in Nevada in 1864?
Definition
A very large cache of Silver that totalled 340 million dollars
Term
What were nicknames of the boomtowns in Nevada?
Definition
HELLdorados becayse they were lawless
Term
What two authors captured the American folklore and mining life?
Definition
Mark Twain and Bret Harte
Term
Why did beef become a big business?
Definition
Because farmers began to ship cattle on rail roads.
Term
Name two beef barons.
Definition
The Swift and Armour families
Term
What was the Long Drive?
Definition
A cattledrive from Texas to the RailRoads in Kansas.
Term
2 famous sheriffs/lawmen in the wild west
Definition
Wyatt Earp and Wild Bill Hickock
Term
Who invented barbed wire?
Definition
Samuel Glidden
Term
What was the Homestead Act?
Definition
It offered 160 acres of cheap land to settlers who stay on it for atleast 5 years.
Term
How many settlers took advantage of the Homestead Act?
Definition
Some 500,000
Term
What caused the Americans to move out past the 100th Meridian?
Definition
A spike in wheat prices
Term
What caused the dustbowl in the 1930s?
Definition
Farmers were using the Dry Farming technique
Term
What was significant about the census bored in 1890?
Definition
There was no longer a discernable frontier line
Term
What was the first national park?
Definition
Yellowstone in 1872
Term
Who wrote and what was the Turner Thesis?
Definition
Fredrick Jackson Turner wrote about how the frontier had played an important role in US History
Term
What was the safety-valve theory
Definition
Amercians couyld always just pull up, leave and go westward
Term
Why did the farming business boom in 1870s?
Definition
The farmers began to grow only one valuble crop even though it ruined their fields
Term
What inventions helped turn farms into factories?
Definition
Steam driven tractors, the combine
Term
What helped with food transport that was invented in the 1880s?
Definition
The refrigerator car
Term
What were the two biggest concerns of farmers?
Definition
Low crop prices and deflated currency
Term
What was perhaps the farmers biggest enemy?
Definition
RailRoads because farmers relied heavily on the railroads for transport of goods.
Term
What was the greenback movement?
Definition
The push for paper money.
Term
What was the Grange
Definition
A group of farmers advancing for a farmers agenda. Founded by Oliver H Kelley
Term
What was sought out by the grange?
Definition
Co-Ops, regulation of railroads,
Term
What happened in the Wabash Case?
Definition
Supreme court stated that states cannot regulate interstate trade.
Term
What candidate did the Greenback party run in 1880?
Definition
James B Weaver
Term
What organization (similar to the grange)was started 1870
Definition
The Farmer's Alliance
Term
What political party was formed out of the Farmer's Alliance?
Definition
The Populist Party
Term
Who was Mary Elizabeth Lease?
Definition
Somebody who rallied up the Farmers to protest more, also called Mary Yellin or the Kansas Python
Term
Who did the populists run in 1892?
Definition
James B Weaver (again)
Term
What was the pullman strike?
Definition
A strike of workers from the Pullman train company led by Eugene Debs
Term
What did US Attorney General Richard Olney do?
Definition
Called in Federal troops to break up the strike.
Term
What were the two candidates for the election of 1896?
Definition
William McKinley and William Jennings Bryan
Term
Who won the election of 1896
Definition
McKinley
Term
What was the Gold Standard Act?
Definition
(1900) Saying people could trade Paper money for God.
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