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Chapter 26 Terms
Fanciullo's assigned list for Ch. 26
51
History
Not Applicable
02/22/2004

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Term
Louis Sullivan
Definition
(1856-1924)
an opininated Chicago architect, helped further the development of the skyscraper, developed the famous principle that "form follows function"
Term
Macy's
Definition
department store located in NY, attracted urban middle-class shoppers and provided urban working-class jobs
Term
Marshall Field's
Definition
department store located in Chicago, attracted urban middle-class shoppers and provided urban working-class jobs
Term
Theodore Dreiser and Sister Carrie (1900)
Definition
Theodore Dreiser, a novelist, wrote of a fictional heroine named Carrie and the novel told of a women's escapades in the big city. The novel made the city seem appealing and attractive.
Term
Sears and Montgomery Ward
Definition
mail-order houses, came to replace the rural "general stores" and made disposal of items simple, everything was cheap and easy to buy
Term
slums
Definition
known as "human pigsties", grew more and more crowded, infested with illness and rats, inhabited by successive waves of newcomers
Term
"dumbell tenements"
Definition
a building, usually seven to eight stories high, crammed families together into one barrack, had little sanitation or ventilation
Term
"New Immigration"
Definition
in the 1880s the background/ethnicity of the immigrants changed, the new immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe. (ie: Italians, Croats, Slovaks, Greeks, Pole.) - many of them worshiped in orthodox churches or synagogues, they were mainly illiterate and came from places with little democracy
Term
"America Fever"
Definition
where a spread of letters painted america as a land of great wealth and oppurtunities, it attracted many immigrants and minorities be persecuted
Term
Walter Rauschenbusch
Definition
became pastor of the German Baptist church in NYC in 1886 - one of the several Protestant clergymen who sought to apply christiantiy lessons to slums and factories, insisted that the church take place in issues in society
Term
Washington Gladden
Definition
took over a congregational church in Columbus, Ohio, in 1882 - one of the several Protestant clergymen who sought to apply christiantiy lessons to slums and factories, insisted that the church take place in issues in society
Term
Jane Addams
Definition
a middle-class woman, dedicated to helping the urban masses, founded the Hull Houses in 1889
Term
Hull House
Definition
an american settlement house, which taught children and adults the skills and knowledge that they would need to survive and suceed in America
Term
Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement
Definition
another settlement house established in NY
Term
Florence Kelly
Definition
a feminist, fought for the protection of women workers and against child labor
Term
American Protection Association (APA)
Definition
an anti-foreign organization, that worked to stop new immigrants from arriving, they urged voting against Roman Catholic candidates for office and pushed until Congress finally nailed up partial bars against the immigrants
Term
Statue of Liberty's arrival (1886)
Definition
the Statue of Liberty, placed in the harbor of NY, was a gift from France
Term
Dwight Lyman Moody
Definition
an urban revivalist who proclaimed the gospel of kindness and forgiveness and adapted the old-time religion to the facts of city life
Term
Mary Baker Eddy
Definition
founded the Church of Christ, Scientist (Christian Science)- it preached that Christianity heals science
Term
Charles Darwin
Definition
English naturalist, wrote the "survival of the fittest", published the Origin of the Species which set forth the new doctrine of evolutionism
Term
Evolution (weakening of religion)
Definition
a theory that states that humans had slowly evolved from lower forms of life, the theory cast serious doubt on a literal interpretation of the bible
Term
"Modernists"
Definition
took a step from the funamentalists and refused to believe that the Bible was completely accurate and factual
Term
Colonel Robert G. Ingersoll
Definition
a denounced skeptic, orator, lectured widely on evolution, lectures included "Some Mistakes of Moses", and "Why I am an Agnostic"
Term
Chautauqua movement
Definition
a movement launched in 1874 and it included public lectures to many people by famous writers, including Mark Twain, and extensive at-home studies
Term
Booker T. Washington
Definition
an ex-slave, started a industrial school for blacks in Alabama which taught students their useful skills and trades. He avoided the issue of social equality.
Term
W.E.B. Du Bois
Definition
the first Black to get a Ph.D. from Harvard University, demanded complete equality for Blacks and action, also founded NAACP in 1910
Term
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Definition
founded by W.E.B. Du Bois in 1910 - an organization fighting for the rights of black people
Term
Morrill Act of 1862
Definition
this act passed after the South seceded, provided a generous grant of the public lands to the states for support of education
Term
Hatch Act of 1887
Definition
extended the Morill Act and provided federal funds for the establishment of agricultural experiment stations in connection with the land-grant colleges
Term
William James
Definition
(1842-1910) - explored many fields, his works include, Principles of Psychology 1890 - Psychology, Will to Believe 1897 - religion and philosophy, etc.
Term
Linotype
Definition
with the invention of the linotype in 1885, the competition of the press was spurred
Term
Henry George
Definition
a journalist-author, wrote Progress and Poverty which undertook to solve the association of poverty with progress
Term
Edward Bellamy
Definition
a journalist-reformer, published Looking Backward in 1888 which he criticized the social injustics of the day and pictured a utopian government that had nationalized big business to serve the public good
Term
Horatio Alger
Definition
an author, wrote over a hundred volumes of juvenile fiction that sold over 100 million copies. Said that virtue, honesty, and industry were rewarded by success. wealth, and honor.
Term
General Lewis Wallace
Definition
he was a lawyer, soldier, author, he sought to combat the prevailing wave of Darwiniam skepticism with his novel Ben Hur: A Tale of the Christ.
Term
Bret Harte
Definition
a author who wrote out of the West and achieved at least temporary fame and fortune. He struck it rich in California with gold-rush stories.
Term
Stephen Crane
Definition
(1871-1900): wrote about the seamy underside of life in urban, industrial America. His most famous book was The Red Badge of Courage published in 1895
Term
Henry James
Definition
(1843-1916): a New Yorker, turned from Law to Literature. He wrote one of the first novels of the rising feminist movement.
Term
Jack London
Definition
a famous nature author, published books such as The Call of the Wild
Term
Mark Twain
Definition
(1835-1910): he was not only America's most popular author, but also a renowned platform lecturer
Term
Emily Dickinson
Definition
a gifted poet, only published two poems in her lifetime (without her consent), after her death, her poetry was discovered
Term
Kate Chopin
Definition
a feminist author, wrote candidly about adultery, suicide, and wmen's ambitions in The Awakening 1899
Term
Anthony Comstack (Comstack Law)
Definition
the federal law that was used to confiscate pornography and rugs used to induce abortions
Term
pogroms
Definition
religious killing of a group NOT SURE ABOUT THIS
Term
Victoria Woodhull
Definition
a divorcee, part time stockbroker, and tireless feminist propagandist - proclaimed her belief in free love in 1871, published a newspaper with her sister, Tennessee Calflin called Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly
Term
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
Definition
a major feminist prophet, published Women and Economics, a classic of feminist language. She shunned traditional feminine frills and advocated the increasing vocation for women
Term
Paul Laurence Dunbar
Definition
(1872-1906): a black writer that brought a kind of realism to the late-nineteenth century literature. His speciality was poetry, one of his works include the Lyrics of Lowly Life
Term
Ida B. Wells
Definition
journalist and teacher, she helped launch hte black women's club movement which led to the establishment of the National Association of Colored Women in 1896
Term
National Prohibition Party
Definition
organized in 1896, advocated temperance of alcohol, included such slogans as "I'll marry no man if he drinks," "vote down the vile traffic," and "The Drunkard's Doom"
Term
William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody
Definition
created some of the first "Wild West" shows. The series of acts included war-whooping Indians, live buffalo, and deadeye marksmen.
Term
Annie Oakley
Definition
She joined the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show in 1885, and was advertized as the "Little Miss Sure Shot," because of her excellent aim in the rifle.
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