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| a Russian term for someone who holds absolute power |
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| By Nicholas I of Russia, forcing non-Russian peoples of the empire to use the Russian language, accept the Orthodox Religion, and adopt Russian customs |
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| Russian foriegn policy that promoted the unin of all Slavic people under Russian leadership. |
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| Czar of Russia tried to modernize Russia and who issued the Emancipation Edict, and let rural districts elect zemstovs |
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| a radical political group was made up of middle and upper class intellectuals, who believed a just society could only be created by building a completely new Russia by abolishing the existing political, economic, and social sturtures |
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| a radical political group who turned violent,(were formerly Populists) who used terrorism to try to force the government to grants its demand |
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| bombings and assinations by political groups to try to force a government to meets the groups demands. |
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| issued by Alexander II of Russia, which freed all of the serfs and let them buy land from the government. Problem was it was little land for a high price and serfs could not afford it so they had to rent land or move to the city and work in the factories |
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| riots against Russian Jews in which Jewish villiage and towns were pilliaged and people massacred. |
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| Social Democratic Labor Party |
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| Russian socialists who modelled themsleves after the German socialists,made up mostly of Russian factory works, that became more radical. |
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| Russian Foreign Expansion |
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| a policy that addressed Russian interests to the south and east to continue expansion by going east into Asia and south toward the Ottoman Empire |
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| the Russian parliament what was elected by the people |
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| Issued by Nicholas II which promised individual liberties and the election of a Duma |
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It was triggered by "Bloody Sunday" when troops fired on strikers. During the Revolution workers struck and demonstrations and street fighting in non Russian areas and mutines in the military and navy. |
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The ruler of a dual monarchy of Austria and Hungary. He was Emperor of Austria and king of Hungary. |
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| when one person is king over two different countries. It was the solution for Hungary's demand of independence from Austria. Each country had its own parliament, each provided a market for each other. |
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Russia, in support of the rebels declared war on the Ottomans. After the defeat of the Ottomans they signed the treaty, which gave Romania indpendence and Bulgaira self-rule. Russia occupied them and majorly increased influence in the Balkans which alarmed the rest of Europe |
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| Nationalist movement that was Italian word for resurgence. Its goals were unification and liberation |
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| a nationalist movement secret society |
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| led by Mazzini that called for you patriots to join the secret society that was dedicated to risorgimento and Italy should be a republic |
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| leader of Young Italy Movement who beilieve that neither pope or king but rather a republic should rule Italy |
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| King of Sardinia who wanted expand Sardinian territory and will eventually become the King of a united Italy |
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| Chief minister to Victor Emmanuel and he was the |
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