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Chapter 25 Quiz
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11
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
04/12/2012

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Term
Kidney Anatomy
Definition
-bean shaped
-three layers supportive tissue
1)renal fascia-outer layer
2)perirenal fat capsule - surrounds kidney against blows
3)fibrous capsule - transparent capsule that prevents infections
Term
Nephrons
Definition
-structural and functional units of the kidneys
-carry out processes that form urine
Term
Renal tubule (3 parts)
Definition
1)proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) - 2) Loop of Henle (Nephron loop)
3)Distal Convoluted Tubule to collecting duct
Term
Peritubular Capillaries vs Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Definition
PC's
low pressure, porous capillaries that readily absorb solutes and water from the tubule cells as these substances are reclaimed from the filtrate

JN's
-play an important role in kidneys' ability to produce concentrated urine
-high blood pressure
-high resistance vessels
-larger diameter
Term
Anuria
Definition
-abnormally low urinary output (less than 50 ml/day)
Term
Substances reabsorbed by Proximal Convoluted Tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal Convoluted Tubule, Collecting Duct
Definition
PCT
-sodium ions, glucose, K, water, urea

Loop of Henle
-water, Na, Cl, K

DCT
-Na, Cl

CD
-Na, K, Cl, Water, Urea
Term
Pyuria
Definition
-name of leukocytes that can cause urinary tract infections
Term
Renal Calculi or Kidney Stones
Definition
-Calcium, magnesium, or uric acid salts in urine that may crystallize and precipitate in the renal pelvis
Term
Trigone Region
Definition
-the openings in the inferior of the bladder are for the ureters and urethra the region outlined by these openings is called the Trigone Region
Term
Micturition
Definition
-also called urination, or voiding
-the act of emptying the urinary bladder
Term
Osmolality
Definition
-the number of solute particles dissolved in 1 kg of water and reflects the solution's ability to cause osmosis
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