Term
| What tissue is in the mucosa if the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are papillae in the tongue? |
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Definition
| projections on dorsal surface of tongue, taste buds in some of them |
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Term
| What specific type of muscle tissue is in the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the intrinsic muscles insert and originate? |
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Definition
| both originate and insert into substance of tongue |
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Term
| Where does the extrinsic muscles originate? |
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Definition
| mandible and styloid process |
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Term
| What does the term "glosso" or "glossus" refer to? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the tongue muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major functions of the tongue? |
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Definition
chewing
swallowing
speech
taste |
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Term
| Why are the salivary glands considered exocrine rather than endocrine glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| Into which specific cavity do the salivary ducts open? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 major components of saliva? |
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Definition
water
lysosome (antibacterial substance)
amylase |
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Term
| What is the action of amylase? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which bones have a alveolar processes that house the teeth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is periodontial disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| true or false? At least some of the liver has to function in order for the person to survive |
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Definition
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Term
| What do terms "hepar" and "hepato" refer to? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the falciform ligament located and what is its function? |
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Definition
location: ventral wall of the liver
function: hold liver in position |
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Term
| Where is the round ligament located? |
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Definition
| located in the free edge of the falciform ligament |
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Term
| What is the ligamentum teres a remnant of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lesser omentum? |
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Definition
| peritoneal fold between the lesser curvature of the stomach and lover |
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Term
| Name the lobes of the liver |
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Definition
-right lobe
-left lobe
-caudate lobe (between hepatic portal vein and IVC)
-quadrate lobe (next to gallbladder) |
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Term
| What blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 2 specific veins join together to form the Hepatic Portal Vein? |
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Definition
| superior mesenteric and splenic vein |
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Term
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Definition
| liver cells (cords of hepatocytes alternate with sinusoids) |
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Term
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Definition
| (space) large capillaries with large pores that allow blood cells to pass trhough |
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Term
| What is the central vein? |
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Definition
| venous structure in center of each hepatic lobule (sinusoids dran into the central vein) |
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Term
| What is the location of the Portal (hepatic) triad? |
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Definition
| at the corners of the polygonal lobule |
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Term
| What are the components of the Portal (hepatic) triad? |
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Definition
(portal venule) Br. of Heptaic portal vein
(portal arteriole) Br. hepatic artery
(bile duct) tributary of bile duct system |
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Term
| What are the cells of the hepatic lobule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells line the sinusoids? |
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Definition
endothelial cells
kupffer cells (macrophages scatted in the lining of sinusoids) |
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Term
| What is the function of the hepatocytes? |
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Definition
regulate blood levels of substances
synthesizes substances (ie bile components)
helps maintain liver homeostasis |
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Term
| What are the main functions of the liver? |
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Definition
-production of bile
-synthesize plasma proteins
-detoxify harmful substances
-breakdown alcohol
-glycogen stroage
-etc |
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Term
| What is the function of bile? |
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Definition
| contains bile salts that break up fat into smaller droplets |
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Term
| What are the bile canaliculus? |
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Definition
| smallest part of the duct system between the adjacent hepatocytes |
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Term
| What do fibrinogen, globulins, and alubumin proteins do? (liver synthesizes these) |
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Definition
fibrinogen: helps with clotting
globulins:
alubumin: |
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Term
| Do you expect to find abundant RER in hepatocytes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the pancreas located? |
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Definition
| lies in the C-shaped curvature of the duodenum and posterior to the stomach |
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Term
| What are the parts of the pancreas and what gland makes up 99% of the organ? gland that makes up 1%? |
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Definition
head, neck, body, tail
exocrine gland
endocrine gland |
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Term
| What consists in the exocrine gland and what does it produce? |
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Definition
-acini: clusters of grapes
-acinar cells: each grape is a pancreatic acinar cell
-product: digestive enzyme that complete the digestive process in the small intestine |
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Term
| What consists in the endocrine gland? |
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Definition
| islets of Langerhans: pancreatic islets |
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Term
| What do Beta cells produce? What do alpha cells produce? |
|
Definition
Beta: secrete insulin, lowering blood sugar levels
(lack of Beta cells > type1 diabetes)
Alpha: secrete glucagon, raising blood sugar |
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