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Chapter 23
Quiz and Homework Questions
15
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
05/25/2011

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Cards

Term
The term metabolism is best defined as:
Definition
the sum of energy produced by all the chemical reactions and mechanical work of the body.
Term
The process of breaking triglycerides down into glycerol and fatty acids is known as:
Definition
lipolysis
Term
When proteins undergo deamination, a substance found in the urine is:
Definition
ammonia
Term
Dietary fats are important because:
Definition
they help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins
Term
The primary function of cellular respiration is to:
Definition
generate ATP, which traps some of the chemical energy of food molecules in its high-energy bonds.
Term
The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available body fuel is:
Definition
Glucose
Term
Anabolism includes reactions in which:
Definition

 

larger molecules or structures are built from smaller ones.

Term
A diet rich in minerals would include which of the following foods?
Definition
legumes, milk, and pork.
Term
Which of the following statements best describes complete protein?
Definition
must meet all the body's amino acid requirements for maintenance and growth.
Term
The term energy output includes
Definition
the energy lost as heat.
Term
Define nutrient
Definition

a substance in food used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair

Term
Define essential nutrient
Definition

chemicals that must be obtained from outside sources. they can’t be made fast enough to meet the body’s need and must be provided by the diet.

Term
List the six major nutrient categories.
Definition

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins:

Vitamins

Minerals

Starch

Term
Distinguish between nutritionally complete and incomplete proteins.
Definition

Complete: meet all the body’s amino acid requirements for tissue maintenance and growth

Incomplete: low in one or more of the essential amino acids

Term
List minerals essential for health
Definition

 

Calcium

Phosphorus

Potassium

Sulfur

Sodium

Chlorine

Magnesium

 

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