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| Polis (and what English word did it form?) |
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| fortified area that served as a refuge during war. also a holy place with temples. |
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| democracy (where formed?) |
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| government by the people, Athens |
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| oligarchy (what Greek city was it found in?) |
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| Military government (where found?) |
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| reform minded Athenian aristocrat, cancelled land debt and freed people who had fallen ino slavery |
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| another Athenian reformer who created the democracy of council of 500 |
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| dominant figure in Athenian politics, created the direct democracy. |
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| people participate directly in a government through large assemblies |
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| Teacher of Plato, believed in question-and-answer format in teaching. |
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| Student of Socrates, wrote a great deal. Studied for a just government. Constructed an ideal state: upperclass of philosopher/kings, 2nd group of warriors, and 3rd group of rest of the masses (artisans, peasants). Established school known at the Academy. Taught Aristotle |
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| Student of Plato, studied 158 governments in search of the best form. Found 3 good ones: monarchy, aristocracy and constitutional |
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| land just north of Greece |
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| king of Macedonia, created the Hellenistic Era, a blend of roman and greek culture |
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| form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens have voting rights. |
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| strong power in the Mediterranean |
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| Carthage's greatest general |
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| upperclass in ancient Rome, could be elected to governmental positions |
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| lower class in ancient Rome, craftspeople, merchants, could not hold positions in government |
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| Rome's first code of laws created by a simple farming society |
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| Rome's natural or universal law based on reason. Such as, a person was innocent until proven guilty |
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| Gladiator who led the most famous slave revolt |
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| apartment blocks that Rome's poor lived in, constructed of concrete walls--often collasped |
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| Jewish prophet who preached throughout Judaea |
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| began as a religious movement, message of Jesus, the prophet |
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| the regular church members |
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| first Christian emperor, issued the Edict of Milan which proclaimed official tolerance of Christianity |
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| Emperor under which Romans adopted Christianity as their official language. |
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| last of the five good emperors in Rome |
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| Constantine's "new Rome" enriched with large palaces and a vast amphitheater, center of the Eastern Roman Empire |
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| Eastern Roman Empire, with Constantinople at its center |
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