Term
| What are the three main parts of the lymphatic system |
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Definition
A network of lymphatic vessels called lymphatics
Lymph
Lymph Nodes |
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Term
| What is the main function of the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| to return interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to the blood. |
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Term
| Once interstitial fluid enters lymphatics it is known as |
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Definition
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Term
| Lyphoid organs and tissues provide the structural basis for |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a function of the lymphatic system that is involved with the digestive tract |
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Definition
| Fat absorbtion from the digestive tract, LACTEALS |
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Term
| What direction does lymph flow |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 different lymph vessels |
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Definition
Lymphatic capillaries
Lymphatic collecting vessels
Lymphatic trucks and ducts |
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Term
| Lymphatic capillaries are similar to blood capillaries except |
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Definition
they are very permeable (take up cell depris, pathogens, and cancer cells)
and
Endothelial cells overlap to form one way minivalves. They are anchored by collagen filaments, preventing collapse of capillaries. |
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Term
| Where are Lymphatic capillaries not found |
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Definition
| Bones, teeth, bone marrow, and CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized lymph capillaries present in intestinal mucosa |
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Term
| What is the functin of lacteals |
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Definition
| absorb digestied fat and deliver fatty lymph called CHYLE to the blood. |
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Term
| Lymphatic collecting vessels are similar to veins except |
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Definition
| they have thinner walls, more internal valves and Anastomose more frequently |
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Term
Collecting vessles in the skin travel with_______
Deep collecting vessels travel with ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| How are nutrients suppplied to the lymphatic connecting vessels? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are lymphatic trunks formed by? |
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Definition
| the union of the largest collecting ducts |
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Term
| What are the two ducts in which lymph can be delivered? |
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Definition
Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct |
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Term
| What does the right lymphatic duct drain? |
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Definition
| the upper right upper arm and the right side of the head and thorax |
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Term
What does the thoracic ducts arise from?
What do they drain? |
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Definition
Arise from cisterna chyli
Drane the rest of the body. |
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Term
| Where is lymph emptied into? |
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Definition
Venous circulation via the junction of the inter jugular and subclavian veins
Throacic left
Right duct Right |
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Term
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Definition
Pulsations of nearby arteries
COntraction of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatics. |
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Term
| What are the main warriors of the immune system |
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Definition
T Lymphocytes
B Lymphocytes |
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Term
| What is the function of T Cells |
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Definition
Manage the immune response
Destroy foreign cells |
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Term
| What is the function of Bcells |
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Definition
| Produce plasma cells which in turn secrete antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything the body perceives as foreign |
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Term
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Definition
| phagocytize foreign substances and help activate T cells |
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Term
| What do dendritic cells do |
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Definition
| capture antigens and deliver them to lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce stroma that supports other cells in lyphoid organs examination |
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Term
| What are the two types of lymphoid tissue |
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Definition
Diffuse Lyphatic tissue
Lymphatic follicles |
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Term
| What is the function of lymphoid tissue |
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Definition
Houses and provides a proliferation site for lymphocytes
Furnishes a surveillance vantage point |
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Term
| Diffuse lymphatic tissue comprises _________ _________ __________ elements in every body organ |
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Definition
| scattered reticular tissue |
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Term
| Where are there large collections of diffuse lymphatic tissue fouund |
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Definition
| Lamina propria of mucous membranes and lymphoid organs |
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Term
| WHat are lymphatic follicles |
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Definition
| Nodules solid spherical bodies of tightly packed reticular elements and cells |
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Term
What is a germinal center composed of
What is it part of |
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Definition
dendritic and B cells
Lymphatic follicles |
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Term
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Definition
| Principal Lymphoid organs of the body |
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Term
| Where are lymph nodes embedded? |
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Definition
in connective tissue, in clussters along lymphatic vessels.
Near the body surface in inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions of the body |
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Term
| What are the functions of lymph nodes |
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Definition
Filter lymph-macrophages destroy mircroorganisms and debris
Immune system-lymphocytes are activated and moint an attack against antigens |
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Term
| What is the shape of a lymph node |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two histologically distinct regions of a lymph node |
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Definition
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Term
| What extend inward and divide lymph nodes into compartments |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the cortex of a lymph node contain |
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Definition
| Fillicles with germinal centers, heavy with dividing B Cells |
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Term
| What do dendritic cells do? |
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Definition
| Nearly encapsulate the follicles and present antigens to tcells and bcells |
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Term
| What does the Deep cortex house |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do t cells circulate |
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Definition
| They circulate continuously among the blood, lymph nodes, and lymphatic stream |
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Term
| What extend inward from the cortex and contain b cells and t cells and plasma cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where does lymph exit lymph nodes |
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Definition
| at the hilus via efferent vessels |
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Term
| What does the fact that there are only a few efferent efferent vessles do to the lymph flow |
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Definition
| Fewer efferent vessels cause flow of lymph to stagnate which allows lymphocytes and macrophages to carry out functions. |
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Term
| What are 4 other lymphoid organs |
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Definition
| Spleen, Thymus gland, tonsils, and peyers patches |
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Term
What are lymphoid organs composed of
Function? |
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Definition
Reticular connective tissue
Help protect the body. |
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Term
| What is the only thing that filters lymph? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest lymphoid organ |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the spleen |
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Definition
Site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
Cleanses blood of aged cells and platelets and debris |
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Term
| What does the spleen store |
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Definition
Break down products of RBCs
Blood Platelets |
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Term
| where does fetal erythrocyte production occur |
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Definition
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Term
| What phagocytes does the spleen contain |
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Definition
| lymphocytes, macrophages, and huge number of erythrocytes |
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Term
| What are two distinct areas of the spleen |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is white pulp loc, func, and comp |
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Definition
loc: Around central arteries
funct: involved in immune function
Comp:Mostly lymphocytes on retuclar fibers |
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Term
| Red pulp loc, func, and comp |
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Definition
located: in venous sinuses and splenic cords
Comp:rich in macrophates for disposal of worn out RBCs and blood born pathogens. |
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Term
| When does the thymus stop growing |
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Definition
| during adolescence then begins to atrophy |
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Term
| What do thymic lobes contain |
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Definition
| Outer cortex and inner medulla |
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Term
| What does the cortex of a thymic lobe contain |
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Definition
| densly packed lymphocytes and scattered macrophates |
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Term
| What does the medulla of a thymic lobe contain |
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Definition
| fewer lymphocytes and thymic corpuscles |
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Term
| what are corpuscles involved in |
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Definition
| regulatory T cell development |
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Term
| In what ways does the thymus differ from other lymphoid organs |
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Definition
It functions strictly in T lymphocyte maturation
It does not directly fight antigens
The stoma have star shaped epithelial cells not reticular fibers |
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Term
| ________ provide the environment in which T lymphocytes become immunocompetent. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the siplist lymphoid organs |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the tonsils form a ring aroudn? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 4 different tonsils |
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Definition
Palatine-back of mouth
Lingual-base of tongue
Pharyngeal-posterior wall of nasopharynx
Tubal-surrounding the oppenings of the auditory tubes ito the pharynx |
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Term
| Tonsils contain follicles with |
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Definition
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Term
| Crypts of tonsils do what |
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Definition
| trap and destroy bacteria and particulate matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Clusters of lymphoid follicles |
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Term
| Where are peyers patches found |
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Definition
| in the wall of the distal portion of the small intestine and in the appendix |
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Term
| Peyers patches in the appendix function |
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Definition
destroy bacteria, preventing them from breaching intestinal wall,
Generate memory lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| Mucosa associated lymphatic tissue |
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Term
| What are the peyers patches, tonsils, and the appendix associated with |
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Definition
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Term
| What are lymphoid nodules associated with |
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Definition
in the walls of the bronchi
Respiratory tract |
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Term
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Definition
| Protects the digestive and respiratory systems from foreign matter |
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