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Chapter 1 Test Questions
Anatomical Position Terminology
34
Anatomy
11th Grade
08/17/2014

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Term
MEDIAN
Definition
The midline plane dividing the body into left/right halves.
Term
SAGITTAL
Definition
The plane dividing the body into unequal left and right parts and parallel to the median plane. The terms medial and lateral relate to this plane.
Term
CORONAL, FRONTAL
Definition
The plane dividing the body into equal/unequal front and back parts. The terms anterior/posterior relate to this plane.
Term
TRANSVERSE, CROSS, HORIZONTAL
Definition
The horizontal plane divides the body into upper (cranial) and lower (caudal) parts. Cross/transverse sections are perpendicular to the long axis of the body or other structure and may not be horizontal.
Term
CRANIAL, SUPERIOR
Definition
These terms refer to a structure being closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body.
Term
CAUDAL, INFERIOR
Definition
These terms refer to a structure being closer o the feet or lower than another structure in the body.
Term
POSTERIOR, DORSAL
Definition
These terms refer to a structure being more in back than another structure in the body.
Term
ANTERIOR, VENTRAL
Definition
These terms refer to a structure being more in front than another structure in the body.
Term
LATERAL
Definition
This term refers to a structure being further away from the median plane than another structure in the body.
Term
MEDIAL
Definition
This term refers to a structure being closer to the medial plane than another structure in the body.
Term
PROXIMAL
Definition
Employed with reference to the limbs only, this term refers to a structure being closer to the medial plane or root of the limb than another structure in the limb. Such a structure would ordinarily be superior to the other.
Term
DISTAL
Definition
Employed with reference to the imbs only, this term refers to a structure being further away from the medial plane or root of the limb than another structure in that limb. Such a structure would ordinarily be inferior to the other.
Term
SUPERIOR (CRANIAL OR CEPHALAD)
Definition
Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body ABOVE
Term
INFERIOR (CAUDAL)
Definition
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body BELOW
The navel is inferior to the breastbone
Term
ANTERIOR (VENTRAL)
Definition
Toward or at the front of the body

Breastbone anterior to the spine!
Term
POSTERIOR (DORSAL)
Definition
Toward or at the backside of the body (behind)
the heart is posterior to the breastbone
Term
MEDIAL
Definition
Toward or at the midline of the body, on the inner side
The heart is medial to the arm
Term
LATERAL
Definition
Away from the midline of the body on the outer side
The eye is lateral to the bridge of the nose.
Term
INTERMEDIATE
Definition
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

The collarbone is intermediate between the breastbone and shoulder
Term
PROXIMAL
Definition
Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

The elbow is proximal to the wrist (meaning that the elbow is closer to the shoulder or attachment point of the arm than the wrist)
Term
DISTAL
Definition
Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

The knee is distal to the thigh!
Term
SUPERFICIAL
Definition
Toward or at the body surface.

The skin is superficial to the skeleton
Term
DEEP
Definition
Away from the body surface, more internal

The lungs are deep to the skin.
Term
SAGITTAL SECTION
Definition
A cut made along the lengthwise, or longitudinal plane of the body divides the body into right and left parts.
Term
MIDSAGITTAL SECTION
Definition
The cut is made down the median plane of the body and the right and left parts are equal.
Term
PARASAGITTAL
Definition
Any other cut
Term
FRONTAL OR CORONAL SECTION
Definition
Is a cut made along a length-wise plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
Term
TRANSVERSE OR CROSS SECTION
Definition
Is a cut made along a transverse, or horizontal, plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts.
Term
DORSAL BODY CAVITY
Definition
has two (2) subdivisions, which are continuous with each other. Internal body cavities protect organs. Cranial and spinal are in the dorsal cavity.
Term
CRANIAL CAVITY
Definition
is the space inside the bony skull.
Term
SPINAL CAVITY
Definition
Extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral of the brain, and is protected by vertebrae, which surrounds the spinal cavity.
Term
VENTRAL BODY CAVITY
Definition
is much large than the dorsal cavity, it protects the chest and abdomen, it is also subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic.
Term
THORACIC CAVITY
Definition
is separated from the rest of the ventral cavity by a dome-shaped muscle, the diaphragm. The organs in the thoracic are:
lungs, heart, and others.
Term
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY
Definition
Is the cavity that is inferior to the thoracic cavity. It is divided into the superior abdominal cavity containing the stomach, liver, intestines, and other organs and the inferior pelvic cavity with reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.
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