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Chapter 1 Anatomical Terminology
Anatomy and Physiology Terminology
40
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
08/28/2013

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
study of structures and their relationships
Term
Gross Anatomy
Definition
Macroscopic Anatomy. Can be seen without the use of a microscope
Term
Physiology
Definition
Study of Functions
Term
Cytology
Definition
study of cells
Term
histology
Definition
is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals
Term
List the 6 levels of Structural organization of the human body
Definition
1. Chemical/Molecular
2. Cellular; Cytology
3. Tissue; Histology
4. Organ
5. System
6. Organism
Term
Give an Example of Chemical/molecular
Definition
water, proteins
Term
Give an Example of cellular
Definition
smallest living units, muscle cell
Term
Give an Example of Tissue
Definition
Cells combining for a common function, muscle tissue
Term
Give an Example of Organ
Definition
Tissues combining for a common function, heart
Term
Give an Example of System
Definition
Organs combining for a common function, cardiovascular system
Term
Give an Example of Organism
Definition
Combination of systems, Human Being
Term
Describe Anatomical Position
Definition
Standard for illustrations and descriptions, standing erect with arms down by sides and palms facing forward.
Term
Lateral
Definition
Away from body Axis
Term
Medial
Definition
Towards body axis
Term
Proximal
Definition
towards point of origin
Term
Distal
Definition
away from point of origin
Term
Anterior/ventral
Definition
front/belly side
Term
Posterior/Dorsal
Definition
Back/backside
Term
Superior/cranial
Definition
above/toward head
Term
Inferior/caudal
Definition
below/towards tail
Term
Superficial/external
Definition
surface
Term
Deep/Internal
Definition
Away from surface
Term
Palmer
Definition
Palm side
Term
Plantar
Definition
sole side
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
Same side
Term
Contralateral
Definition
Opposite side
Term
Bilateral
Definition
Both sides
Term
Transverse (cross)
Definition
Parallel with floor, separates superior and inferior portions
Term
Sgittal
Definition
Separates right and left portions
Term
Midsagittal
Definition
Equal right and Left
Term
Frontal (coronal)
Definition
Front and Back. Separates anterior and posterior portions
Term
Dorsal Cavities
Definition
Posterior

Cranial Cavity

Spinal Cavity
Term
Cranial Cavity
Definition
Contains Brain
Term
Spinal Cavity
Definition
Cavity containing spinal cord
Term
Ventral Cavities
Definition
Anterial
Thoracic (most superior)
Abdominal
Pelvic
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
Neck-Diaphragm
Cavity containing heart and lungs, diaphragm inferior boundary
Term
Abdominal
Definition
Diaphragm-going down
Digestive
Cavity containing liver, stomach, diagram superior boundary
Term
Pelvic
Definition
End of Digestive
Cavity containing urinary and reproductive organs surrounded by pelvic bones
Term
Viscera
Definition
"guts"
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