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Chapter 19: Heart
Lecture Outline Cards for Ch19
18
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/26/2016

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Cards

Term
What is the purpose of the pulmonary circuit?
Definition
returning deoxygenated blood to heart and sending to lungs to become oxygenated (right side of heart)
Term
What is the purpose of the systemic circuit?
Definition
sending oxygenated blood to every cell and returning deoxygenated to the heart
Term
Where is the mediastinum located?
Definition
between the lungs
Term
Where is the apex of the heart located?
Definition
left side, between ribs 5-6, below nipple
Term
How do you find your 2nd pair of ribs?
Definition
right next to the sternal angle of your sternum
Term
What is the relationship of the heart to diaphragm and to the vertebrae?
Definition
Superior to the diaphragm
Anterior to vertebrae
Term
What is the pericardial sac and describe it's two layers
Definition
a double walled sac (fibrous & serous pericardium) that contains the heart and it's vessels
[image]
serous pericardium contains the parietal and visceral layer
Term
Describe the 3 layers of the heart in order from outside to inside
Definition
1. epicardium: the visceral layer
2. myocardium: made out of cardiac muscle
3. endocardium: lines the interior of the heart
Term
What is systole?
Definition
contraction, either atrial or venticular
Term
What is distole?
Definition
relaxation, either atrial, ventricular, or both
Term
What is the purpose of the cardiac conduction system?
Definition
specialized cardiac muscles of heart wall send signals to heart causing contractions
Term
What when the heart produces the "lub-dub" sound?
Definition
lub - closing of AV valves
dub - closing of semilunar valves
Term
What are the parts of the heart used in cardiac conduction and identify them on the diagram
Definition
-sinoatrial node (SA node aka pacemaker)
-internodal fibers
-artioventricular node
-atrioventricular bundle
-bundle branches
-purkinje fibers
[image] [image]
Term
What is the path of the electrical impulse through the cardiac conduction system?
Definition
1. SA node (pacemaker) causes R/L atria to contract pushing blood to ventricles
2. electrical signals spreads to AV node (between atria)
3. travels through the AV bundle dividing into left and right bundle branches
4. the AP (action potential) spreads to Purkinje fibers causing contraction of left and right ventricles > leads to blood being pumped to lungs and rest of the body
Term
What is the purpose of the autonomic nervous system?
Definition
it modulates (controls) heart rate
Term
What is the purpose of the parasympathetic innervation? whats the path?
Definition
-slows heart rate
-vagus nerve (CN X)
Term
What's the purpose of the sympathetic innervation?
Definition
-increase heart rate
-increase for of contractions
Term
What is the purpose of the coronary circulation? name the parts involved
Definition
to supply the heart with oxygenated blood and to remove deoxygenated blood
[image]
-R/L coronary arteries
-branches of aorta
-coronary sinus
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