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Chapter 18 Quiz
N/A
19
Anatomy
Not Applicable
04/21/2013

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Term
hyperthyroidism
Definition
overactivity of the thryroid gland
thyrotoxicosis
Grves disease
exophthalmos or proptosis
Term
hypohyroidism
Definition
underactivity of the thyriod gland
myxedema
synthroid drug is used
Term
thyroid carcinoma
Definition
cance of the thyroid gland
Term
hyperparathyroidism
Definition
excessive prodution of parathormone
hypercalcemia-causes problems wih kidney stonesand fractures b/c of less calcium in bones
Term
hypoparathyroidism
Definition
deficient production of parathyroidism hormone
hypocalcemia
tetany-constant muscle spasms
Term
adrenal virilism
Definition
excessive secretion of adrenal androgens
(females only)
Term
cushing syndrome
Definition
groups of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortsol from the adrenal cortex
Term
Addison disease
Definition
hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex
lower secretion from adrenal cortex
lower cortisol = hypoglycemia
lower aldosterone = loss of salt and fluids
lower blood pressure
Term
pheochromcytoma
Definition
benign tumor of the adrenal medula; tumor cells stain a dark or dusky color
higher blood pressure and higher heart rate
more flight or fight
Term
hyperinsulinism
Definition
excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia
brain doesn't work without sugar
Term
diabetes melltus (DM)
Definition
lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells
autoimmune disese
type 1
causing hyperglycemia
cells have to metabolize (burn) fats and proteins
causes ketoacidosis (lower pH = acidosis)
Term
Type 1 (IDDM)
Definition
autoimmune = no insulin produced
childhood or young adult type (usually under 30)
abrupt onset
must check with glucometer
tx. - requires injections of insulin
Term
type 2 (NIDDM)
Definition
slow onset
obesity
runs in the family
resistance to insulin
tx: diet/wt. reduction/exercise
oral meds
insulin ?
Term
acomegaly
Definition
hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty; leading to enlargement of extremities
Term
gigantism
Definition
hypersecretion of growth hormone from the aterior pituitay before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tisssues
Term
dwarfism
Definition
congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone; hypopituitary dwarfism
Term
panhypopituitarism
Definition
deficiency of all putuitary hormones
Term
syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)
Definition
excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone
higher ADH
higher water reasorption
higher BP
Term
diabetes insidipus(DI)
Definition
lower ADH
too much H20 excreted
highr urine output
insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vaasopressin)
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