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Chapter 18 - Key Terms
Key Terms from Chapter 18
23
History
7th Grade
05/16/2017

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Term
Excommunication
Definition
Cast out from the Church
Term
Pope Gregory VII
Definition
Pope who challenged Emperor Henry IV and proved that the pope was more powerful
Term
Emperor Henry the IV
Definition
Emperor of the Holy ROman empire who challenged the aug=thority of Pope Gregory VII
Term
Crusades
Definition
A long series of wars between Christians and Muslims in Southwest Asia
Term
Holy Land
Definition
the area around Palestine where Jesus had lived, preached and died.
Term
Pope Urban II
Definition
Called on Christians to go on the first Crusade to retake the Holy Land
Term
King Richard I
Definition
English king who fought in the third crusade
Term
Saladin
Definition
Leader of the Muslim forces in the third crusade
Term
Clergy
Definition
Church officials
Term
religious orders
Definition
a group of people who dedicate their lives to religion and follow common rules
Term
Friars
Definition
people who belonged to religious orders but lived and worked among general people.
Term
Francis of Assisi
Definition
founder of the Franciscan religious order
Term
Thomas Aquinas
Definition
Dominican philosopher and teacher at the University of Paris
Term
Natural law
Definition
a law that governed how the world operated
Term
Magna Carta
Definition
Document listing rights that the king could not ignore
Term
Parliment
Definition
A council that developed to be the law making body that governs England today
Term
Hundred Year's War
Definition
a long conflict between France and England
Term
Joan of Arc
Definition
peasant girl who rallied the French troops in order to defeat the English
Term
Black Death
Definition
a deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351
Term
Heresy
Definition
Religious ideas that oppose accepted church teachings
Term
Reconquista
Definition
efforts to retake Spain from Muslim Moors
Term
King Ferdinand
Definition
King who finally brought an end to the Reconquista
Term
Spanish Inquisition
Definition
organization of priests that looked for and punished anyone in Spain suspected of secretly practicing their old religion
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