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Chapter 18
Test 3
48
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/15/2011

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Term
cardiovascular system
Definition
referring to only the heart and blood vessels
Term
circulatory system
Definition
consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood
Term
hematology
Definition
study of blood
Term
transport, protection, regulation
Definition
functions of the circulatory system
Term
Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, nutrients,waste, hormones and stem cells
Definition
what the circulatory system TRANSPORTS
Term
Inflammation, limits the spread of infection, destroys microorganisms and cancer cells, neutralize toxins and initiates clotting
Definition
ways the circulatory system protects the body
Term
fluid balance, stabilizes pH of ECF, and temperature control.
Definition
Ways the circulatory system regulates the body
Term
4-6 Liters
Definition
how much blood does an average adult have?
Term
blood
Definition
a liquid connective tissue consisting of cells and extracellular matrix
Term
plasma
Definition
matrix of blood
a clear, light yellow fluid
Term
blood cells and cell fragments
red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Definition
formed elements of blood
Term
erythrocytes
Definition
another name for red blood cells
Term
platelets
Definition
cell fragments from a special cell in bone marrow
Term
leukocyte
Definition
another name for white blood cell
Term
neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils
Definition
type of leukocytes with granules (3)
Term
lymphocytes and monocyte(agranulocytes)
Definition
type of leukocytes without granules (2)
Term
hematocrit
Definition
act of centrifuging blood into separate components.
Term
plasma
Definition
the liquid portion of blood with presence of fibrinogen
Term
serum
Definition
part of blood that clots, remaining fluid when blood clots and solids are removed, absence of fibrinogen.
Term
albumins
Definition
smallest and most abundant of the plasma proteins, contributes to viscosity and osmolarity (total molarity of dissolved particles that cannot pass though the blood vessel wall), influences blood pressure, flow and fluid balance
Term
globulins
Definition
also known as antibodies/Plasma protein/
provide immune system functions/
divided into alpha, beta and gamma
Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
precursor of fibrin threads that help form blood clots (plasma protein)
Term
Liver
Definition
forms plasma proteins of the blood(excluding globulins)
Term
Plasma cells
Definition
Produces Globulins
Term
free amino acids
Definition
nonprotein component of plasma, a nitrogenous compound that results in the breakdown of tissue or dietary protein
Term
nitrogenous waste (urea)
Definition
nonprotein component of plasma,toxic end products of catabolism
normally removed by the kidneys
Term
glucose, vitamins, fat, phospholipids, and minerals
Definition
nutrients found in plasma
Term
Oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
Definition
Dissolved gasses found in plasma
Term
Na+
Definition
electrolyte found in 90% of cations in the plasma
Term
viscosity
Definition
resistance of a fluid to flow
Term
osmolarity of blood
Definition
the total molarity of those dissolved particles that cannot pass through the blood vessel wall
Term
blood absorbs too much water causing an increase in blood pressure
Definition
what happens when osmolarity of blood is too high?
Term
too much water stays in the tissues,blood pressure drops and Edema (thin blood) occurs.
Definition
what happens if the osmolarity of blood is too low?
Term
optimum osmolarity
Definition
achieved by bodies regulation of sodium ions, proteins, and red blood cells.
Term
hypoproteinemia
Definition
Low amount of protein, too much water in the tissue, body cavity fills with water)
Term
kwashiorkor
Definition
children with severe protein deficiency
fed on cereals once weaned
thin arms and legs
swollen abdomen
Term
hemopoiesis
Definition
the production of blood, especially its formed elements ( production of red blood cells)
Term
bacterial infection
Definition
function of neutrophils
Term
parasites and allergies
Definition
function of eosinophils
Term
secrete histamine and heparin
Definition
Function of Basophils
Term
destroy foreign cells, present foreign cells to activate immune response
Definition
function of lymphocytes
Term
viral and inflammation
Definition
function of monocytes
Term
Leukopenia
Definition
low amount of WBC count,. below 5-10k
Term
Leukocytosis
Definition
high count of WBC, above 10k
Term
Leukemia
Definition
cancer of the hemopoietic tissues that causes high circulation of WBC
Term
vascular spasm
Definition
a prompt constriction of the broken vessel. (most immediate reaction)
Term
Platelet Plug Formation
Definition
when vessel is broken, collagen fibers are exposed when platelets come into contact, they grow long spiny pseudopods and contract the walls of the vessel together
Term
Coagulation
Definition
clotting of the blood in response to a broken vessel (Hemostasis)
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