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| humorist, satyrical author |
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| most notorious speculator, railroad stock |
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| controlled steel industry, founder of vertical integration |
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| controlled oil industry, founder of horizontal integration and trust and holding companies and monopoly |
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| wrote revealing biography of Rockefeller's baser tendencies and path to power |
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| meatpacking, vertical integration |
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| invented lightbulb and various things having to do with electricity |
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| helped Edison pioneer use of electricity for energy |
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| banker control of railroads-reorganized, finance capitalist |
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William Graham Sumner
HERBERT SPENCER - more important according to mrs. butler |
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| founder of social Darwinism |
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| black woman who spoke out against lynching, helped form NAACP and other organizations |
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| Democrats' presidential nominee in 1884, 1888, and 1892, won in first and last tries |
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| term coined by Twain, ironic/satyrical - gilded and rich/pretty on outside yet not pure and evil on inside |
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| Vertical & horizontal integration |
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| controlling all aspects of production from raw to finished; controlling all companies selling the same product so as to determine price and whatnot, respectively |
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| Rockefeller's company, monopoly on oil |
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| elaborate stock swap where trustees own stock in other companies selling the same product for big company to be able to have a virtual monopoly (Rockefeller) |
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| after trust was outlawed, simply bought all the other companies under one administration (Rockefeller) |
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| investment sponsored by banks and bankers (J.P. Morgan) |
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| J.P. Morgan acquired Carnegie Steel and his chief competitors, largest corporation in world (today- USX) |
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| justified wealthy getting wealthier because it stated the poor were that way because of natural design/selection |
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| same theory about natural selection for opposite conclusion, used to better the human condition and cheat the system, in control of one's own destiny |
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| essay by Carnegie explaining how wealthy had to give back to better the poor because they were really just holding the money for them and then using it on things to better their existence (libraries), still featured rich as natural leaders and better than poor |
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| bunch of companies having a set agreement on prices and whatnot, not monopoly because companies still own themselves |
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| "leave it be," theory of government not being able to restrict corporate business at all, hence the shady dealings to gain control used by many of the top industrialists |
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| winning party gives government spots to party members, not based on level of competency |
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| new industrialized south, less rural, moving on after Reconstruction |
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| National Women's Suffrage Association |
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| fought for suffrage....obviously.... |
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| Women's Christian Temperance Union |
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| "Woman's Crusade," fought for complete abstinence, used ability to control "domestic sphere" and morality |
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| otherwise known as the Patrons of Husbandry, social and educational group for farmers turned into independent political movement |
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| first federal law regulating railroads, 1887, establish Interstate Commerce Commission, more important as precendent (not very powerful in early years) |
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| outlawed trusts, Congress pushed it through but weak in effect |
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| fought for silver-backed economy, diffused after congressional election in 1880s/90s only to have their thoughts and party win out in 1930s |
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| gold vs. silver as backing for economy, essentialy became farmers/laborers/miners against big whigs/industrialists/rich folk |
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