Term
| The nucleus divides during what phase of the cell cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA is replicated during what phase of the cell cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| The organization or arrangement of DNA in the nucleus |
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Definition
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Term
| During what phase of mitosis is DNA divided into two sets and distributed equally to the daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Neurons and osteocytes will remain in this phase of the cell cycle after adolescence |
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Definition
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Term
| During this phase of the cell cycle chromosomes are no visible under the microscope and they exist in the form of chromatin |
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Definition
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Term
| The process by which the DNA code is converted from a single gene into a complementary single strand of mRNA |
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Definition
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Term
| RNA is used by the cell to produce |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs at multiple locations on the two original strands as the DNA is unzipped |
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Definition
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Term
| If a nucleotide was paired with thymine what base would it have |
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Definition
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Term
| Chromosomes first become visible as two sister chromatids during this phase |
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Definition
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Term
| During _______________ cells are produced that are genetically identical to the original cell |
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Definition
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Term
| During the end of _______________, the cells contain the haploid number of chromososmes |
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Definition
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Term
| Development and function of microtubes happens in what two phases of mitosis |
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Definition
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Term
| These cells divide throughout life |
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Definition
| stem cells in bone marrow |
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Term
| If DNA has not been replicated the phase will stop at this point |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell differentiation of a pre-embryo begins after |
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Definition
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Term
| The process by which cells become specialized |
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Definition
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Term
| ____________ mutations are passed to the next generations |
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Definition
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Term
| What substitution point mutation results in an abnormal form of hemoglobin |
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Definition
| Any substitution point mutation that results in a negative change in the protein’s function will result in an abnormal hemoglobin |
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Term
| Which is worse, a point mutation in DNA or in messenger RNA |
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Definition
| A point mutation in DNA permanently changes the coding for that gene. A point mutation in messenger RNA changes that strand only and does not make a permanent change in the genetic coding |
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Term
| introns are removed and exons are spliced together |
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Definition
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Term
| initiation, elongation and termination |
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Definition
| translation part of protein production |
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Term
| 3 nitrogenous bases on mRNA that match up with to an amino acid |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes develop into 2 sister chromatids |
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Definition
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Term
| ribosomes contain binding sites for |
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Definition
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Term
| what stage comes after anaphase |
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Definition
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Term
| cells are split after the 8 cell stage to be implanted into a surrogate mother |
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Definition
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Term
| cloning of human cells for treatment of patients |
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Definition
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Term
| All human cells except gametes reproduce by |
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Definition
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Term
| tRNA binding its anticodon to the start codon of mRNA at a ribosome |
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Definition
| initiation of translation |
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Term
| Mitosis in mammals usually takes how long |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA molecule is open to create multiple strands to speed up |
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Definition
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Term
| Mutations of DNA are repaired by |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA that contains the code for one or more proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| homologous chromosomes are separated during what phase |
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Definition
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Term
| Meiosis results in how many non identical daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Somatic cell nuclear transfer |
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Definition
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Term
| Induced pluripotent stem cells |
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Definition
| therapeutic cloning without the use of embryos |
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Term
| phase during which the cell's DNA is duplicated |
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Definition
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Term
| phase during which the cell prepares for cell division |
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Definition
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Term
| phase during which most of the growth of a cell occurs |
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Definition
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Term
| attaches to ribosomes at anticodon end |
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Definition
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Term
| contains start codon sequence for protein synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| component of ribosome that assists in protein synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| processed from primary transcript produced in transcription |
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Definition
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Term
| transports amino acids to the ribosome |
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Definition
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Term
| preceded by replication of chromosomes during interphase |
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Definition
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Term
| results in production of 4 genetically different daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| makes haploid daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| involves pairing of homologous chromosomes and crossing over |
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Definition
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Term
| involves chromosome movement and distribution of daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| results in the production of gametes |
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Definition
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Term
| involves two successive nuclear and cell divisions |
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Definition
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Term
| results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells |
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Definition
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Term
| chromatids of a chromosome separate and are pulled to opposite sides of a cell |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes become visible |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell mitotic |
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Definition
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Term
| nuclear membranes form around chromosomes |
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Definition
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Term
| mitotic spindle breaks apart |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes are lined up along the "equator" in the center of the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| Initiation of translation begins with a tRNA binding to a ________ on mRNA |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which the DNA code of a single gene is converted into a complimentary strand of mRNA. |
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Definition
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Term
| Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a |
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Definition
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Term
| Human chromosomes are made up of DNA and proteins called ________, which help organize the DNA and give structure to the chromosomes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Progression through the various phases of the cell cycle depends on fluctuating concentrations of |
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Definition
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Term
| The specialization of stem cells into various cellular types |
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Definition
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Term
| The beginning of each gene in DNA is marked by the presence of a unique base sequence called |
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Definition
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Term
| Cloning for the specific purpose of treating human disease |
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Definition
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Term
| nucleotide sequences that actually form the mRNA and contain the genetic information |
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Definition
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Term
| During translation, attachment of a "start" codon to the small ribosomal subunit starts what |
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Definition
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Term
| Fertilization of an egg in vitro, leading to separation of individual cells from the 8-cell stage for implantation into a surrogate mother |
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Definition
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Term
| Meiosis in females is not complete until |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important checkpoint in the regulation of cell reproduction is during the ________ phase of interphase |
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Definition
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Term
| All cells that make up the body other than germ cells |
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Definition
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Term
| forms during cytokinesis as contractile filaments in the cell tighten |
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Definition
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Term
| The study of how gene expression is altered by factors in the cell's environment |
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Definition
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