Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 16 Quiz
Endocrine System
12
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
01/23/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What does endocrine system do?
Definition
Influences metabolic activity by means of hormones.
Term
What do endocrine glands do?
Definition
produce hormones and lact ducts. They release hormones INTO (endo) surrounding tissue
Term
What do exocrine glands do?
Definition
produce NONHORMONAL substances (sweat, saliva) that are caried to membrane surface
Term
What are hormones and how are they classified?
Definition
-Hormones are chemical substances, secreted by cells into extracellular fluids, that regulate metabolic function of other cells in the body.
-They can be either amino acid based or steroids (cholesterol)
Term
What are the 3 types of endocrine glan stimuli?
Definition
Humoral, Neural, and Hormonal
Term
What results from hypo and hypersecretion of growth hormone?
Definition
-hyposecretion-in children it causes pituitary dwarfism (slowed long bone growth); no problems in adults

-hypersecretion results in gigantism (in a child) or acromegaly (adult)
Term
What does prolactin do?
Definition
-it is a protein hormone similar to gh
-in humans it is known for stimulating milk production by the breasts
Term
What and where is the Thyroid Gland?
Definition
Location-anterior neck; on the trachea; inferior to the larynx

Uses- largest pure endocrine gland in the body; secretes thyroid hormone the bodies major metabolic hormone
Term
What hormone does the Pineal Gland exude and what it's two jobs?
Definition
The pineal gland produces melatonin.

Melatonin levels in our blood rise and fall, which 1) controls our diurnal (daily cycle) and causes us to be drowsy; 2) in children it can affect the timing of puberty by inhibiting precocious (too early) sex maturation
Term
What are the Islets of Langerhans and what 2 hormones do the contain?
Definition
Islets of Langerhans are cell clusters that produce pancreatic hormones (alpha and beta cells)

2 Hormones
Alpha cells - Glucagon production
Beta cells - insulin production
Term
Describe the thymus.
Definition
-large and conspicuous in children
-gets smaller with age
-Produces hormones involved in NORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF T LYMPHOCYTES AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Term
What hormone do the kidneys secrete?
Definition
-kidneys secrete erythroprotein
-erythroprotein is a protein hormone that signals bone marrow to increase the production of red blood cells
Supporting users have an ad free experience!