Term
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Definition
| job, promotion, or contract is one that is given for political reasons rather than for merit or competence alone. |
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Term
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Definition
| system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government service |
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Term
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Definition
| idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion rating to produce administration by people with talent and skill |
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Term
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Definition
| federal law prohibiting government employees from active participation in partisan politics |
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Term
| office of personnel management (OPM) |
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Definition
| office in charge of hiring for most agencies of the federal government, using elaborate rules in the process |
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Term
| GS (general schedule) rating |
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Definition
| schedule for federal employees, ranging from GS 1 to GS 18, by which salaries can be keyed to rating and experience |
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Term
| senior executive service (SES) |
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Definition
| federal government managers who are mostly career officials but include some political appointees who do not require senate confirmation |
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Term
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Definition
| a hierarchical authority structure that uses task specialization, operates on the merit principle, and behaves with impersonality. |
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Term
| independent regulatory agency |
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Definition
| government agency responsible for some sector of the economy, making and enforcing rules to protect the public interest. it also judges disputes over these rules. |
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Term
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Definition
| government organizations that, like businesses corporations, provides a service that could be provided by the private sector and typically charges for its services. |
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Term
| independent executive agency |
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Definition
| government not accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory agencies, and government corporations. its administrators are typically appointed by the president and serve at the president's pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| stage of policymaking between the establishing of the policy and the consequences of the policy for the people whom it affects. involves translating the goals and objectives of the policy into an operating, ongoing program. |
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Term
| standard operating procedures |
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Definition
| these procedures are used by bureaucrats to bring uniformity to complex organizations. uniformity improves fairness and makes personnel interchangeable. |
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Term
| administrative discretion |
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Definition
| authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| phase coined by michael lipsky, referring to those bureaucrats who are in contestant contact with the public and have considerable administrative discretion |
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Term
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Definition
| use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector. |
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Term
| command-and-control policy |
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Definition
| the existing system of regulation whereby government tells business how to reach certain goals, checks that these commands are followed, and punishes offenders |
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Term
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Definition
| a more effective and efficient policy than common-and-control; market like strategies are used to manage public policy |
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Term
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Definition
| lifting of restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities for which government rules has been established and that bureaucracies had been created to administer |
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Term
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Definition
| regulations originating from the executive branch; are one method presidents can use to control the bureaucracy |
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Term
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Definition
| mutually dependent relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees; dominate some areas of domestic policymaking |
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Term
| Pendleton civil service act |
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Definition
| created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patronage |
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