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Chapter 15
Chemical senses
21
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/31/2012

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Term
chemoreceptors
Definition
the receptors for olfaction and taste; respond to chemicals in a solution
Term
supporting cells
Definition
non-sensory epithelium cells that surround the olfactory epithelium
Term
olfactory receptors cells
Definition
bipolar neurons
Term
olfactory cilia
Definition
extend outward from the epothelium
Term
taste buds
Definition
specific receptors for the sense of taste
Term
papillae
Definition
peg-like projections of the mucosa on the dorsal surface of the tongue
Term
circumvallate papillae
Definition
(arranged in a V formation on the posterior surface of the tongue); where taste bus are primarily located
Term
fungiform papillae
Definition
mushroom-shaped papillae
Term
foliate papillae
Definition
area of the posterior lateral tongue where taste buds are located
Term
gustatory cells
Definition
taste cells that are the actual receptor cells of the taste bud
Term
taste buds
Definition
consists of gustatory cells and basal cells
Term
taste pore
Definition
where the long microvilli of the receptor cells penetrate the epithelial surface
Term
gustatory hairs
Definition
microvilli in the mouth
Term
facial nerve VII
Definition
serves the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Term
glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Definition
serves the posterior third of the tongue
Term
vagus nerve (X)
Definition
carries a few fibers from the pharyngeal region
Term
sweet taste
Definition
organic substances; sugar, saccharin, alcohols
Term
sour taste
Definition
acids; specifically their H+
Term
salty taste
Definition
produced by metal ions
Term
bitter taste
Definition
alkaloids (caffeine) and asprin
Term
umami
Definition
msg and glutamate; "beef taste"
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