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Chapter 14
The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels
38
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
05/07/2013

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Term
carry blood away from the heart.
Definition
All arteries
Term
Most veins in the limbs have valves.
Definition
***
Term
Put the following vessels in the correct order to trace the route of a drop of blood moving from the right side of the heart to left.
Definition

Pulmonary artery,

arterioles,

capillaries,

venules,

pulmonary vein

Term
Vessels that function as a pressure reservoir to ensure blood flow while the ventricles are relaxed are the:
Definition
Elastic arteries
Term
In fetal circulation, blood bypasses pulmonary circulation by passing through the:
Definition
Ductus arteriosus, Fossa ovalis
Term
All of the following are elastic arteries except the:
Definition
Femoral
Term
Metarterioles lead into:
Definition
Capillary beds
Term
The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of the:
Definition
Superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein
Term
The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) forms anastomoses between the:
Definition
Internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery
Term
All of the follwing vessels branch directly from the aort except the:
Definition
Right subclavian artery
Term
Blood in the internal jugular veins has just come from the:
Definition
Sinuses of the brain
Term
The three branches of the celiac trunk are the __________, the __________, and the ____________.
Definition
Common hepatic artery, left gastric artery, splenic artery
Term
The walls of large blood vessels receive their oxygen and nutrients from blood in vessels known as ____________.
Definition
Vasa Recta
Term
The layer of an artery wall that contains endothelium is the ______________.
Definition
Tunica Intima
Term
The two common iliac veins unite to form the _____________.
Definition
Inferior vena cava
Term
Blood from gastrointestinal organs and the spleen is transported to the liver via the ___________ vein.
Definition
Hepatic portal vein
Term
The union of distal branches of two or more arteries supplying the same body region is called an
Definition
Anastamosis
Term
A decrease in size of the blood vessel lumen due to contraction of smooth muscle present in the tunica is called ___________.
Definition
Media, Vasoconstriction
Term
Between 90 percent of all cases of hypertention are ____________ hypertenstion, which cannot be attributed to any identifiable cause.  The remainng 5-10 percent of cases are ______________ hypertension, which has an identifiable underlying cause.
Definition
Primary, secondary
Term
Three types of capillaries include _____________ capillaries found in skeletal and smooth muscles’ ___________ capillaries found in kidneys and chroid plexuses of the brain ventricles; and _____________ which are wide capillaries seen in red bone marrow and the liver.
Definition
Continuos, fenestrated, sinusoids
Term
The ____________ veins are the only veins that carry oxygenated blood after birth.
Definition
Pulmonary
Term
At rest, the largest portion of the blood is located in the
Definition
veins.
Term
The right brachioephalic vein joins with the left brachioephalic vein to form the superior vena cava.
Definition
***
Term
Arterioles play a key role in regulating blood pressure because of their role in regulating resistance to flow.
Definition
***
Term
The median cubital veins connect the basilica and cephalic veins anterior to the elbow.
Definition
***
Term
An increase in stimulation by sympathetic nerves typically stimulates vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Definition
***
Term
Thrombi lodged in the ulnar artery and the radial artery would limit the amount of blood reaching the hand.
Definition
***
Term
Becomes the dorsalis pedis artery at the ankle
Definition
Anterior tibial artery
Term
A branch of the thoracic aorta
Definition
Esophageal artery
Term
Located in the lateral arm
Definition
Cephalic vein
Term
Becomes the internal jugular vein outside the skull
Definition
Sigmoid sinus
Term
Receives venous blood from the myocardium
Definition
Coronary sinus
Term
Located near the gastrocnemius muscle
Definition
Posterior tibial vein
Term
Continues as left axillary artery
Definition
Left subclavian artery
Term
Gives rise to the left common carotid artery
Definition
Arch of the aorta
Term
The longest vein in the body
Definition
Great saphenous vein
Term
Passes through cervical transverse foramina
Definition
Vertebral artery
Term
Abdominal vessel that branches to supply blood to the pancreas, small intestine, and part of the large intestine
Definition
Superior mesenteric artery
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