Term
| Gross/macroscopic anatomy |
|
Definition
| is the study of the large body structures visable to the naked eye such as heart, lungs,kidneys. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deals with structures that can not be seen with the naked eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which considers the cells of the body (part of microscopic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| traces structural changes that occur in the body throughout the the life span |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study structural changes caused by disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| studies internal structures by x-ray type machines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of anatomical structures at a subcellular level. (smallest molecule) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concerns kidney function and urine production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explains the working of the nervous system |
|
|
Term
| cardiovascular physiology |
|
Definition
| examines the operation of the heart and blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
| Principle of complementary |
|
Definition
| function always reflects structure, what a structure can do depends on it's specific form. (if you don't understand what something is or how it is put together then you will never understand it) |
|
|
Term
| Levels of structural organization |
|
Definition
| Chemical-cellular-tissues-organ-organ system-organismal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| atoms combined to form a molecule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells are made of molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of similar types of cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made up of different types of tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of different organs that work closely together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| represents the sum total of all structural levels working together to promote life (ex. human) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forms the external body covering, composed of skin, sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails. Protects deep tissues from injury and synthesizes vitamine D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Protects and supports body organs. Provides the framework for muscles. Site of blood formation. Stores minerals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of muscles and tendons. Allows manipulation of the enviroment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of the brain, spinal column, and nerves. Is the fast-acting control system of the body. Responds to stimuli by activating muscles and glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of heart and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood. The blood vessels transport blood throughout the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of red bone marrow, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels. Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells involved with immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Composed of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, and liver. Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood. Eliminates indigestiable foodstuffs as feces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of kidneys, ureters,urinary bladder, and urethra. Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte, and PH balence of the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| composed of prostate gland, penis, testes, scrotum, and ductus deferens. Maine function is the production of offspring. Testes produce sperm and male sex hormones. Ducts and glands deliver sperm to the female reproductive tract |
|
|
Term
| female reproductive system |
|
Definition
| composed of mammary glands,ovaries,uterine tubes, uterus and vagina. Maine function is the production of offspring. Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones. Remaining structures serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus. Mammary glands produce milk to nourish the newborn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| so that its internal enviroment (inside) remains distinct from the external enviroment surrounding it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes activities promoted by the musclar system, such as propelling ourselves from one place to another |
|
|
Term
| responsiveness or irritablity |
|
Definition
| ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the enviroment and then respond to them (ex. cut hand pull away) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaking down of ingestable foodstuffs to simple molecules that can be absorbed into the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a broad term that includes all chemical reactions that occur within body cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of removing excreta or waste from the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| taken from diet containing chemical substances used for energy and cell building |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to remain relatively stable even though the outside world is changing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs at the cellular level & organismal level. Ability to reproduce ones self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the original cell divides producing 2 daughter cells which then can be used for body growth or repair. |
|
|
Term
| human organism reproduction |
|
Definition
| sperm and egg meet and make baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in size of a body part or the organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the force that air exerts on the surface of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a center that monitors stimuli, sends information (input) to the 2nd component (control center) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the way the homeostatic control sends messages (A-pproaches control center) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| determines what to do about the stimuli and sends the message to the effector |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E-xits the control center and heads to the effector |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does whatever the control center said either suppresses stimuli or increases |
|
|
Term
| negitive feedback mechanisms |
|
Definition
| the output shuts off the orginial stimuli or reduces the intensity returning it to the ideal value |
|
|
Term
| positive feedback mechanism |
|
Definition
| enhances the orginial stimuli so that the output is increased. This creates a waterfall effect to the rest of the systems (ex. labor.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this happens when the negitive feedback is so overwhelmed that the destructive postive feedback takes over. (ex. heart attack)(our body's internal enviroment becomes less and less stable which increase our risk for illness) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the standard body position. Standing fully erect, feet slightly apart, palms facing forward with thumbs facing away from body |
|
|
Term
| median plane or midsagittal plane |
|
Definition
| a plane going straight down the middle. (From head to vag.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Para = near. All other sagittal planes that are off set from the midline |
|
|
Term
| serosa or serous membrane |
|
Definition
| the moist memebrane that is found in closed ventral body cavities. |
|
|
