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Chapter 1
Introduction
47
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/20/2007

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Term
anatomy
Definition
the study of structure; to cut up or cut open
Term
physiology
Definition
studies the function of the body structures
Term
cytology
Definition
cellular anatomy
Term
histology
Definition
the study of tissues
Term
gross anatomy
Definition
investigates the structure and relationships of large body parts
Term
developmental anatomy
Definition
follows the changes in structure
Term
embryology
Definition
developmental changes occuring prior to birth
Term
regional anatomy
Definition
all the structures in a particular region of the body
Term
surface anatomy
Definition
both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them
Term
systemic anatomy
Definition
gross anatomy of each system in the body
Term
pathologic anatomy
Definition
anatomic changes resulting in disease
Term
radiographic anatomy
Definition
relationships among internal structures
Term
surgical anatomy
Definition
anatomic landmarks used for surgery
Term
atoms
Definition
the smallest units of matter
Term
molecule
Definition
two or more atoms combined
Term
cells
Definition
large molecules joined in specific ways
Term
tissues
Definition
precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions
Term
organs
Definition
contain two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific complex functions
Term
organ system
Definition
related organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a common function
Term
organism
Definition
single living human being
Term
metabolism
Definition
all organisms carry out various chemical reactions
Term
body systems
Definition
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lyphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive
Term
anatomic position
Definition
specific body position in which an individual stands upright position
Term
frontal plane
Definition
vertical plane divides anterior and posterior
Term
transverse plane
Definition
horizontal plane, cuts perpendicularly along the axis
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
vertically divides the structure
midsagittal and parasagittal
Term
axial region
Definition
head neck and trunk
Term
appendicular region
Definition
limbs, appendages
Term
cranial cavity
Definition
formed by the cranium
Term
vertebral canal
Definition
formed by the individual vertabrae
Term
ventral cavity
Definition
made up of the abdominalpelvic, and diaphragm and thoracic cavity
Term
mediastinum
Definition
contains the heart, thymus, esophogus, trachea and major blood vessels
Term
serous membrane
Definition
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are lined with this
Term
parietal layer
Definition
lines the internal surface of the body wall
Term
visceral layer
Definition
covers external surface of the organ
Term
serous cavity
Definition
potential space cantaining a lubricatin film of serous fluid
Term
pericardium
Definition
encloses the heart, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, and pericardial cavity filled with serous fluid
Term
pleura
Definition
contains the lungs, parietal and visceral pleura, pleural cavity
Term
peritoneum
Definition
abdominalpelvic cavity, parietal and visceral peritoneum and peritoneum cavity
Term
epigastric region
Definition
superior to the middle column
Term
umbilical region
Definition
the middle region middle column
Term
hypogastric region
Definition
inferior to the middle column
Term
lumbar regions
Definition
left and right column middle region
Term
hypochondriac region
Definition
superior to the middle region, on left and right column
Term
iliac region
Definition
inferior to the middle region, on left and right column
Term
abdominal pelvic quadrants
Definition
four areas of the cavity that are formed by passing one vertical and one horizontal line through navel
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the state of equilibrium in the body
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