Term
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Definition
| Study of internal and external body structures |
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Definition
| the study of how living organisms perform their functions |
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Term
| Pathology is the study of _____. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Surface anatomy, Regional anatomy, systemic anatomy, clinical anatomy, and developmental anatomy |
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Definition
| the study of general forms and superficial markings |
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Definition
| focuses on the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body, such as head, neck or trunk. |
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Term
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Definition
the study of the structure of organ systems.
Ex. skeletal system, muscular system, cardiovascular system. |
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Definition
| sub-specialties important in clinical practice, such as pathological anatomy (anatomical features that change during illness), surgical anatomy (anatomical landmarks that are important in surgery) |
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Definition
| Describes the changes in form that take place between conception and adulthood. |
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Term
| 2 types of microscopic anatomy |
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Definition
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Definition
| study of the internal structure of individual cells |
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Definition
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Definition
| the study of the functions of the human body |
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Definition
| the study of the functions of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the function of specific organs, such as the heart (cardiac physiology) |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the functioning of specific organ systems, such as the respiratory system |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the effects of diseases on organ functions or system functions |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest stable units of matter which combine to form molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest living units in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of cells working together to perform one or more specific functions |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more tissues working together to perform specific functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of organs interacting to perform a particular action. Ex: heart, blood, and blood vessels make up the cardiovascular system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the existence of a stable internal environment |
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Term
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Definition
| A process that occurs when a cell, a tissue, an organ, or an organ system adjusts in response to some environmental change, such as when O2 levels decline in a tissue, the cells release chemicals that dilate the blood vessels, which increases the rate of blood flow and provides more O2. |
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Term
| What is extrinsic regulation? |
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Definition
| A process that results from the activities of the nervous or endocrine systems when they detect an environmental change. Ex: when you exercise, your nervous system issues commands to increase your heart rate so that blood will circulate faster |
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of the homeostatic regulatory mechanism? |
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Definition
| 1. receptor, 2. control center, 3. effector |
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Term
| What does a receptor in the homeostatic regulatory mechanism do? |
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Definition
| A receptor is sensitive to a particular stimulus or environmental change |
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Term
| What does the control center do? |
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Definition
| Receives and processes the information supplied by the receptor and sends out commands to the effector |
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Term
| What does the effector do? |
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Definition
| Responds to the commands of the control center and whose activity either opposes or enhances the stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| the effector activated by the control center negates (opposes) the original stimulus. EX: thermoregulation |
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Term
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Definition
| the effector activated by the control center enhances the original stimulus. Ex: blood clotting |
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Term
| What is a state of equilibrium |
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Definition
| It exists when opposing processes or forces are in balance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Close, fluid-filled, and lined by a serous membrane or serosa. Thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities. |
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Term
| what 2 parts are in the thoracic cavity? |
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Definition
| The pleural cavity and the pericardial cavity. |
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Term
| what separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities? |
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Definition
| a flat muscular sheet called the diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
| the internal organs that are enclosed by these cavities |
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Term
| functions of the body cavities? |
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Definition
1.protect delicate organs from shocks and impacts
2.permit significant changes in size and shape of organs |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of a serous membrane that covers a visceral organ |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of the serous membrane that lines the inner surface of the body wall or chamber |
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Term
| what does the thoracic cavity contain? |
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Definition
| the heart, lungs, associated organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphatic systems; inferior portions of the esophagus, and the thymus. |
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Term
| what is the thoracic cavity sub-divided into? |
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Definition
| The right and left pleural cavities which each contain a lung, separated by the mediastinum |
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Term
| what is the mediastinum and what does it contain? |
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Definition
| its a mass of connective tissue that stabilizes,surrounds, and supports the esophagus, trachea, and thymus. Also contains the pericardial cavity, a small chamber that surrounds the heart. |
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Term
| what serous membrane surrounds the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the abdominopelvic cavity divided into? |
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Definition
| The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity. |
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Term
| what does the abdominopelvic cavity contain? |
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Definition
| the peritoneal cavity, a potential space lined by the peritoneum |
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Term
| what lines the inner surface of the body wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| what covers the organs in the peritoneum? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the abdominal cavity contain? |
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Definition
| The liver, stomach, spleen, small intestine, and most of the large intestine. |
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Term
| what organs are considered to be retroperitoneal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the pelvic cavity contain? |
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Definition
| the urinary bladder, in women, the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus; in men, the prostate gland and seminal glands, and the distal portion of the large intestine |
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