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| smallest particle of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element. |
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| Second level of organization. Formed when two or more atoms join together. |
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Any of the many cell "organs" or organized structures.
Example: Ribosome, mitchondria |
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| Basic biological and structural unit of the body consisting of a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm and enclosed by a membrane. |
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| Groups of similar cells that performs a common function. |
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| Groupd of several tissue types that together perform a special function |
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| Skin and its related structures. Separates internal environment from external environment. Protection, temperature change, sensation. |
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| Major regulatory system of the internal environment: senses changes, integrates, and sends signals to effectors. Control, regulation, and coordination of other systems, sensation, memory. |
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| Breaks down nutrients from the external environment and absorbs them into the internal environment. Breakdown and absorption of nutrients, elimination of waste. |
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| Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the internal and external environment. Gas exchange, acid-base balance. |
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| Regulates internal environment by secreting hormones that travel through the bloodstream to target areas. Control and regulation of other systems. |
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| Transports nutrients, water, oxygen, hormones, wastes, and other materials within the internal environment. |
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| Supports, protects, and moves body. Also stores minerals. Support, protection, movement, mineral and fat storage, blood production. |
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| Powers and directs skeletal movement. Movement, posture, heat production. |
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| Produces sex cells that form offspring, ensuring survival of genes. Female system is also site of fertilization and early development. Nursing of offspring. |
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| Adjusts internal environment by excreating excess water, salt, and other substances. Excretion of waste, fluid, and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance. |
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| Drains excess fluid from tissues, cleans it, and returns it to the blood. |
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| Defends internal environment against injury from foreign cells and other irritants. |
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| Any living entity considered as a whole; may be unicellular or many different cells and body systems working together to maintain life. |
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Systems responsible for..
Support & Movement |
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Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular |
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Systems responsible for..
Communication, control, and integration |
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Systems responsible for..
Transportation & defense |
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Systems responsible for..
Respiration, nutrition, & excretion |
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Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary |
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Systems responsible for..
Reproduction & development |
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| includes a right and left pleural cavity and a midportion called mediastinum. |
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| Heart, thrachea, right and left bronchi, esophagus, thymus gland, aortic arch and thoracic aorta, venae cavae, lymph nodes, nerves, thoracic duct |
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upper portion: abdominal cavity
lower portion: pelvic cavity |
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| Liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, intestines, spleen, kidneys, ureters |
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| Urinary bladder, female reproductive organs, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries, male reproductive organs, prostate gland, seminal gland, seminal vesicles, parts of vas deferens, part of large intestine (sigmoid colon & rectum) |
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| Depressed area in front of elbow (cubital fossa) |
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| Relative constancy of the normal body's internal (fluid) environment. |
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| Functional structure of an organ (neuron) |
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| to the cortex; or outer area of an organ in the renal cortex. Outside. |
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| Relating to the middle or center of an organ or structure. Inside. |
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| Characteristic of life that permits an organism to sense, monitor and respond to changes in it external environment. |
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| Ability of cells and tissues to selectively transmit a wave of excitation from one point to another within the body. |
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| complex, intertwinning set of chemical processes by which life is made possible for a living organism. |
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| breaking down of nutrients |
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| excessive carbon dioxide in the blood |
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| condition in which there is an excessive proportion of acid in the blood and thus an abnormally low blood pH. |
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