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Chapter 11 Quiz 1 Cardiovascular System
Quiz 1 Terms
27
Anatomy
11th Grade
02/14/2012

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Term
Cardiovascular System
Definition
an organ system that distributes blood to all parts of the body-carries oxygen, nutrients, cell wastes, hormones, and other substances vital for homeostasis to and from the cells
Term
heart
Definition
size of a person's fist, cone-shaped; weighs less than a pound; works together with the circulatory system to pump blood.
Term
mediastinum
Definition
the medial cavity of the thorax
Term
apex of the heart
Definition
is the lowest superficial part of the heart; directed downward toward the hip and rests on the diaphragm
Term
base of the heart
Definition
points towards the right shoulder and lies beneath the second rib; point where the great vessels emerge.
Term
pericardium
Definition
a double-wall; sac that encloses the heart
Term
fibrous pericardium
Definition
part of the pericardium that helps to protect the heart and anchors it to the diaphragm and sternum
Term
serous pericardium
Definition
a double membrane deeper than the fibrous pericardium; contains two layers; the layers lubricate the heart to prevent friction from occurring during heart activity
Term
pericarditis
Definition
inflammation of the pericardium that forms painful adhesion that interfere with heart movement.
Term
Layers of the Heart
Definition
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Term
epicardium
Definition
aka-visceral pericardium-a serous membrane that tightly hugs the external surface of the heart and is actually part of the heart wall
Term
myocardium
Definition
the layer of the heart that contracts; consists of thick bundles of cardiac muscles that are twisted together
Term
endocardium
Definition
a thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers
Term
Chambers of the heart
Definition
4 hollow chambers-2 atria and 2 ventricles
Term
atrium
Definition
a chamber of the heart receiving blood from the veins; superior heart chamber
Term
ventricle
Definition
discharging chambers of the heart
Term
pulmonary trunk
Definition
a vessel that arises from the right ventricle, extends upward, and divides into the right and left pulmonary arteries that convey unaerated blood to the lungs
Term
superior venae cavae
Definition
aka-precava or SVC-
a large, diameter, yet short vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium
Term
inferior venae cavae
Definition
aka-posterior vena cava is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart
Term
interventricular septum
Definition
aka- interatrial septum; a septum that divides the heart longitudinally
Term
pulmonary arteries
Definition
the large blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs
Term
pulmonary veins
Definition
a vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart
Term
pulmonary circulation
Definition
a system of blood vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs for gas exchange
Term
aorta
Definition
the major systematic artery; arises from the left ventricle of the heart
Term
systemic circulation
Definition
system of blood vessels that carries nutrient and oxygen-rich blood to all body organs
Term
Atria
Definition
a chamber in which blood enters into the heart
Term
interatrial septum
Definition
The wall between the atria of the heart.
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