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chapter 10
bruces class
27
Anatomy
Not Applicable
09/12/2007

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Term
acetylcholine
Definition
neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of some nerve cells
Term
arachnoid membrane
Definition
middle layer of the tree membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord.
Term
autonomic nervous system
Definition
Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs.
Term
axon
Definition
Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell.
Term
brainstem
Definition
lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. The pons and the medulla oblongata are part of the brainstem.
Term
central nervous system (cns)
Definition
Brain and the spinal cord
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance.
Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
outer region of the cerebrum; containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain.
Term
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Definition
Fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord.
Term
cerebrum
Definition
Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity. vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.
Term
dura mater
Definition
thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord.
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls SLEEP, APPITITE, BODY TEMP, AND SECRETIONS FROM THE PITUITARY GLAND
Term
medulla oblongata
Definition
the part of the brain just above the spinal cord; contols brathing , heart beat, and size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here.
Term
meninges
Definition
three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
Term
motor nerves
Definition
carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs
Term
nerve
Definition
macroscopic structure consisting of axons and dendrites in bundles like strands of rope.
Term
neuron
Definition
a nerve cell; carries impulses throughout the body. there are about 10 billion neurons.
Term
Parasympathetic nerves
Definition
Involuntary, autonomic nerves that help regulate body functions like heart rate and respiration
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
Nerves outside that brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal and autonomic nerves
Term
plexus
Definition
Large, interlacing network of nerves.
Term
receptor
Definition
organ that receives a nercous stimulation and passes it on to nerves within the body. the skin, ears,eyes, and taste buds are receptors.
Term
sensory nerves
Definition
carry messages to the brain and spinal cord from a receptor
Term
stimulus
Definition
change (light, sound, touch)in the internal or external enviroment that evokes a response
Term
sympathetic nerves
Definition
autonomic nerves that influence body functions involuntarily in times of stress
Term
synapse
Definition
the space through which a nercous impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another or from a neuron to another cell, such as a muscle or gland cell.
Term
meningocele
Definition
meninges herniate outward
Term
myelomeningeocele
Definition
spinalcord and meninges herniate outward
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