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Chapter 1 Vocabulary
U.S. History
34
History
11th Grade
01/31/2012

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Cards

Term
Nomadic
Definition
having no fixed home, moving from place to place according to seasons and availability of food and water. (p. 5)
Term
Olmec
Definition
a Native American whose civilization flourished in what is now southern Mexico in the period 1200-400 B.C. (p. 6)
Term
Maya
Definition
a Native American people whose civilization flourished in Guatemala and the Yucatán Peninsula between about A.D. 250 and 900. (p. 6)
Term
Aztec
Definition
a Native American people that settled in the Valley of Mexico in the 1200s A.D. and later developed a powerful empire. (p. 6)
Term
Inca
Definition
a Native American people that around A.D. 1400 created an empire reaching nearly 2,500 miles along the west coast of South America. (p. 6)
Term
Hohokan
Definition
a Native American group that lived in the valleys of the Salt and Gila rivers (in what is now Arizona) from about 300 B.C. to A.D. 1400. (p. 7)
Term
Anasazi
Definition
a Native American group that lived on the mesa tops, cliff sides, and canyon bottoms of the Four Corners region (where Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah meet) from about A.D. 100 to 1300. (p. 7)
Term
Adena
Definition
a mound builder society that was centered in the Ohio River Valley and flourished from about 700 B.C. to A.D. 100. (p. 7)
Term
Hopewell
Definition
a mound builder society that was centered in the Ohio River Valley and flourished from about 200 B.C. to A.D. 400. (p. 7)
Term
Mississippian
Definition
the last and most complex of the mound builder societies, inhabiting the Ohio and Mississippi valleys from about A.D. 700 into the 1500s. (p. 7)
Term
Kashaya Pomo
Definition
a Native American people that formerly inhabited the coastal marshlands of what is now California. (p. 8)
Term
Kwakiutl
Definition
a Native American people that formerly inhabited the northwestern coastal region of North America. (p. 9)
Term
Pueblo
Definition
a group of Native American peoples- descendants of the Anasazi- inhabiting the deserts of the Southwest. (p. 9)
Term
Iroquois
Definition
a group of Native American peoples inhabiting the woodlands of the Northeast. (p. 10)
Term
Kinship
Definition
the ties between members of a family. (p. 13)
Term
Division of Labor
Definition
the assignment of different tasks and responsibilities to different groups or individuals. (p. 13)
Term
Islam
Definition
a religion founded in Arabia in A.D. 622 by the prophet Muhammad; its believers are called Muslims. (p. 15)
Term
Plantation
Definition
a large farm on which the labor of slaves or other workers is used to grow a single crop, such as sugar cane or cotton. (p. 16)
Term
Songhai
Definition
an empire that, at the height of its power in the 1500s, controlled much of West Africa. (p. 16)
Term
Savanna
Definition
a dry grassland dotted with trees and bushes, found in sub-Saharan Africa and other tropical or subtropical regions. (p. 17)
Term
Benin
Definition
a West African Kingdom that flourished in the Niger Delta region (in what is now Nigeria) from the 14th to the 17th century. (p. 17)
Term
Kongo
Definition
a group of small kingdoms along the Zaire River in West-Central Africa, united under a single leader in the late 1400s. (p. 17)
Term
Lineage
Definition
a group of people descended from a common ancestor. (p. 18)
Term
Prince Henry
Definition
Portuguese prince from the early 15th century, often called “Henry the Navigator,” sent Portuguese ships to explore the west coast of Africa. (p. 20)
Term
Renaissance
Definition
a period of European history, lasting from about 1400 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning, and views of the world. (p. 20)
Term
Hierarchy
Definition
a social ordering by rank or class. (p. 20)
Term
Nuclear family
Definition
a household made up of a mother, a father, and their children. (p. 21)
Term
Crusades
Definition
a series of Christian military expeditions to the Middle East between A.D. 1096 and 1270, intended to drive the Muslims from the Holy Land. (p. 22)
Term
Reformation
Definition
a religious movement in 16th-century Europe, growing out of a desire for reform in the Roman Catholic Church and leading to the establishment of various Protestant Churches.
Term
Christopher Columbus
Definition
a Geneoese sailor who set sail trying to find a trade route to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean for Spain, instead he found the Americas. (p. 26)
Term
Taino
Definition
a Native American people of the Caribbean islands- the first group encountered by Columbus and his men when they reached the Americas. (p. 27)
Term
Colonization
Definition
the establishment of outlying settlements by a parent country. (p. 28)
Term
Columbian Rxchange
Definition
the transfer- beginning with Columbus’s first voyage- of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hempisphere. (p. 29)
Term
Treaty of Tordesillas
Definition
the 1494 treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to divide the lands of the Western Hemisphere between them. (p. 30)
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