Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 1 Checkpoint questions
SPSCC Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology by Martini and Nath
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Identify the oldest medical science
Definition
Anatomy
Term
Why is studying human anatomy and physiology important?
Definition
Studying human anatomy and phsyiology is important because understanding normal physiology assists in recognizing when something abnormal occurs within the body.
Term
Define Anatomy
Definition
Study of internal and external body structures.
Term
Define Physiology
Definition
Study of how living organisms perform functions.
Term
Describe medical terminology
Definition
the use of prefixes, suffixes, word roots, and combining forms to construct anatomical, physiological, or medical terms.
Term
Define Eponym
Definition
a commemorayive name for a sturcture or clinical condition that was originally named for a real or mythical person
Term
Name the book that serves as the international standard for anatomical vocabulary
Definition
International Anatomical Terminology
Term
Describe how anatomy and physiology are closely related
Definition
Anatomy and Physiology are closely related becuase all specific functions are performed by specific structures.
Term
Difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy
Definition
Gross: Macroscopic anatomy which is things you can see with the naked eye.
Microscopic anatomy: things we cant see without a microscope
Term
Identify several specialties of physiology
Definition
Several Specialties of physiology are cell physiology, organ physiology, systematic physiology and pathologic physiology
Term
Why is it difficult to seperate anatomy from physiology
Definition
It is difficult to seperate anatomy and physiology because the structures of body parts are so closely related to their functions; put another way, function follows form
Term
identify major levels of organization from the simplist to the most complex
Definition
The major levels of organization from the simplest to the most complex are following; Chemical (molecular) --> Cellular --> Tissue --> Organ --> Organ system --> organism
Term
Identify the organ systems of the body and cite some major structures of each
Definition
Major organ systems [12] are the integumentary system (skin), skeletal system (bones), muscular system (skeletal muscels), nervous system (brain), endocrine system (pancreas), cardiovascular system (heart), lymphoid system (spleen), respitory system (lungs), digestive system (teeth), urinary system (urinary bladder), male repro system (penis), female repro system (ovaries).
Term
At which level of biological organization does a histologist investigate structures
Definition
A histologistt investigate structures and properties at the tissue level or organization
Term
Define homeostasis
Definition
homestasis refers to the existence of a stable internal environment
Term
Which general mechanism of homeostatic reulation always involves the nervous or endocrine system
Definition
Extrinsic regulation is a type of homeostatic regulation resulting from activities of the nervous system or endocrine system.
Term
Why is homeostatic regulation important to an organism?
Definition
Physiological systems can function normally only under carefully controlled conditions. Homeostatic regulation prevents potentially disruptive changes in the body's internal environment
Term
explain the function of negative feedback systems
Definition
Negative feedback systems provide long term control over the body's internal conditions that is they maintain homeostasis by counteracting the effects of a stimulus
Term
What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks down
Definition
When homeostasis fails organ systems function less efficiently or even malfunction. The result is the state that we call diseas if the situation is not corrected death can result
Term
Explain how a positive feedback system works
Definition
A positive feedback system amplifies or reinforces the effects of a stimulus
Term
why is positive feedback helpful in blood clotting but unsuitable for the regulation of body tempature?
Definition
Positive feedback is useful in processes that must move quickly to completion, such as blood clutting. It is harmful in situations in which a stable condition must be maintained because itt tends to increase any departure from the desired condition. Positive feedback in the regulation of body temp for example, would cause a slight fever to spiral out of control with fatal results. For this reason physiological systems are typically regulated by negative feedback, which tends to oppose any departure from the norm.
Term
Define Equilibrium
Definition
Equilibrium is a dynamic state in which two opposing forces or processes are in balance.
Term
When the body continuously adapts by utilizing homeostatic systems, it is siad to be in a state of ?????? equilibrium.
Definition
When the body continuously adapts, utiliing homeostatic sustems, it is said to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
Term
What is the purpose of anatomical terms?
Definition
The purpose of anatomical terms is to provide a standardized frame of reference for describing the human body.
Term
In the anatomical position, describe an anterior view and a posterior view
Definition
In the anatomical position an anterior view is seen from the front and a posterior view from the back.
Term
Name two essential functions of body cavities.
Definition
Body cavities protect internal organs and cushion them from thumps and bumps that occur while walking running or jumping. Body cavities also permit the organs within them to change in size and shape without disrupting the activities of neraby organs.
Term
Identify the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity
Definition
The ventral body cavities include the pleural and pericardial caivities within the thoracic cavity and the peritoneal abdominal and pelvic cavities within the abdominopelvic cavity
Supporting users have an ad free experience!