Term
|
Definition
Atoms, Ions and molecules move from low concentration to high concentration through a cell membrane.
* The cells use energy (ATP).
* It also requires a protein carrier molecule.
*All living cells depend on this for electrolytes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Self-destruction of damaged cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rod shaped structures that are located near the nucleus of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hair like processes projecting outward from the cell membrane. this moves substances across the surface of the cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the study of the structure and functions of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It's a gel like fluid inside the cell. The this contains the organelles or "little organs" which are the functional machinery of the cell.It contains cytosol and organelles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Provides strength and structural support for the cell and its organelles. The most important elements are:
* Microfilaments
* Intermediate filaments (keratin)
* Microtubules (Tubulin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the intracellular fluid. It contains dissolved nutrients, ions, soluble and insoluble proteins and waste products. Contains a higher concentration of Potassium ions and a lower Sodium ion concentration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Is the net movement of molecules from an area of
relatively low concentration.
* Molecules mix randomly
* Solute spreads through solvent
* Eliminates concentration gradient
* Solutes move down a concentration gradient
* Requires no energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is active transport using (ATP). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Membranous channels that extends throughout the cytoplasm.
* Rough ER
* Smooth ER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Granules or droplets are released from the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Special type of diffusion that involves a carrier molecule.
* Carrier molecules transport down a concentration gradient
* Energy is also not required.
* Example: Movement of glucose from the blood into cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attached to ER manufacture protein for secretion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Materials move into or out of cell in vesicles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Restricts movement in and out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Are organelles that manufacture proteins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Receptors
Channels
Carriers
Enzymes
Identifiers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Responsible for removing and recycling damaged proteins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
separates the cell contents from the extracellular fluid.
The main structural components of this are phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Determines what moves in and out of a cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The diffusion of water across the cell membrane.
* Water molecules diffuse across membrane toward solution with more solutes.
* Volume increases on the side with more solutes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The control center of the cell. It directs the metabolic activities of the cell. It contains the genetic material of the cell, DNA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A discrete, dense body within the nucleus. This has a high concentration of RNA. The RNA is responsible for protein synthesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Longer and fewer than Cilia. Provides a whip like motion to propel cells. Causes a swimming motion for the sperm cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In cytoplasm manufacture protein for the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lets anything pass through the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The "packaging and shipping plant" for the cell. Consists of a set of five or six flattened membranous discs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the pressure that is exerted by a fluid at equilibrium due to the force of gravity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is a soulution that has greater concentration of solutes (dissolved materials) It will shrink and lose its water volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Is a soulution where the solute concentration is low.
If a cell is placed in a solution it will swell and gain the water volume. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lets nothing in or out of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Solutions that have the same concentration of solute inside and outside of the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rupture of a cell from too much fluid entering the cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vesicles filled with digestive enzymes. Cleanup and recycling functions within the cell. Defense against disease. Have been called as "Suicide packets" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The plasma (cell) membrane is a barrier but nutrients must get in products and waste must get out. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant cells may detach from the tumor site and travel in blood or lymph to another site. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small finger-shaped projections of the plasma membrane on the exposed surfaces of many cells.
They function in absorbing materials from the extracellular fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An intercellular organelle responsible for generating most of the ATP required for cellular operations. (The powerhouse of the cell). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All somatic body cells reproduce. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Special type of cell division that occurs in the production of gametes or eggs and sperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When molecules are arranged in a double layer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement of fluid across a membrane whose pores restrict the passage of solutes on the basis of size. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tumor, or mass of abnormal tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tissue mass produced by abnormal growth and replication of cells. |
|
|
