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Chap. 14 - Nervous Tissue
anatomy
35
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/19/2013

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Term
Functions of nervous system
Definition
Collecting information (receptors)
Processing and evaluation of information
Responding to information (effectors)
Term
Central Nervous system
Definition
brain
spinal chord
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
cranial nerves
spinal nerves
Term
sensory division (afferent division)
Definition
somatic sensory
visceral sensory
Term
motor division (efferent division)
Definition
somatic motor
autonomic motor
Term
somatic sensory
Definition
taste, vision, hearing, smell, balance, touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temperature, and proprioception
Term
somatic motor
Definition
motor impulses going out to voluntary effectors
Term
autonomic motor
Definition
uses involuntary effecters
called the autonomic nervous system
parts within the PNS and CNS
Term
neuron
Definition
conduct nerve impulses
Term
axon
Definition
away from cell body
Term
dendrites
Definition
towards cell body
Term
sensory neurons (afferent neurons)
Definition
conducts nerve impulses from body to CNS
Term
motor neurons (efferent neurons)
Definition
conducts nerve impulses from CNS to muscles or glands
Term
interneurons (association neurons)
Definition
found only in CNS, 100% within CNS
Term
bipolar neuron
Definition
fibers on both ends of the cell body
found in the retina of the eye
Term
unipolar neuron
Definition
a single, continuous fiber with the cell body to the side
their cell body found in sensory ganglia of spinal/cranial nerves
Term
multipolar neuron
Definition
several dendrites
one axon
motor neurons that carry motor impulses to effectors
Term
neuroglia or glial cells
Definition
supportive cells
do not conduct nerve impulses
Term
neuroglia of CNS
Definition
astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells
Term
neuroglia of PNS
Definition
satellite cells
Schwann cells
Term
gray matter
Definition
tissue that is composed of neurons that are unmyelinated
Term
center/nucleus
Definition
collection of neuron cell bodies
Term
neural cortex
Definition
gray matter on surface of brain
Term
white matter
Definition
tissue that is composed of neurons that are myelinated
Term
tract (fascicle)
Definition
bundles of axons that share a common origin and destination
Term
ascending tracts
Definition
conducts impulses from the PNS to brain
Term
descending tracts
Definition
conducts impulses from the brain to PNS
Term
column
Definition
group of tracts within the spinal cord
Term
types of synapses
Definition
chemical and electrical
Term
endoneurium
Definition
individual axon in a myelinated neuron is surrounded by neurolemmocytes
Term
periuneurium
Definition
groups of axons are wrapped into separate bundles call fascicles by a cellular dense irregular connective tissue layer
Term
epineurium
Definition
all of the fascicles are bundled together by a superficial connective tissue
Term
multiple scleriosis
Definition
progressive demyelination of neurons in the central nervous system accompanied by the destruction of oligodendrocytes
Term
demyelination
Definition
progressive loss or destruction of myelin in the CNS and PNS with preservation of the axons
Term
gliomas
Definition
glial cell tumors
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