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| The end of a long bone that articulates (forms a joint) with another bone |
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-Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints
-Coats the articulating portion of the epiphysis |
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| The shaft of a long bone, between the epiphyses |
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| A tough, vascular covering of fibrous connective tissue on the surface of a bone |
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-Makes up the wall of the diaphysis
-aka cortical bone
-Dense tissue in which cells are organized in osteons (Haversian systems) with no spaces |
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-What the epiphysis is mainly composed of
-Consists of bars and plates separated by irregular spaces
-aka cancellous bone |
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| Hollow cavity containing red or yellow marrow within the diaphysis of a long bone |
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| A thin layer of cells that lines the medullary cavity in a bone |
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| Connective tissue in spaces in bones that includes blood-forming stem cells and progenitor cells |
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-Broad, flat bones of the skull
-Bones that form from membranelike layers of primitive connective tissue |
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| The formation of bone tissue |
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| Bones that originate as hyaline cartilage and are subsequently replaced by bone tissue |
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| Cartilaginous layer between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone that grows, lengthening the bone |
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| Consists of bony and cartilaginous parts that support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk |
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| Oxygen-carrying pigment in red blood cells which gives red marrow it's color |
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| The process of blood cell formation |
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| Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the bones that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton |
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| Composed of the cranium (brain case) and the facial bones |
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lower jawbone
A movable bone held to the cranium by ligaments |
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| encloses and protects the brain |
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| consists of 13 immovable bones and a movable lower jawbone |
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aka soft spots
Membranous region between certain cranial bones in the skull of a fetus or infant |
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| extends from the skull to the pelvis and forms the vertical axis of the skeleton |
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| Five total, located in the small of the back (loin); have larger and stronger bodies to support more weight |
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aka tailbone
lowest part of the vertebral column and is composed of four fused vertebrae |
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| 24 total - one pair attached to each of the 12 thoracic vertebrae |
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aka vertebrosternal ribs
First seven rib pairs that join the sternum directly by their costal cartilage |
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| The remaining 5 pairs; their cartilages don't reach the sternum directly |
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| The last 2-3 rib pairs; have no cartilaginous attachments to the sternum |
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aka breastbone
Located along the midline of the anterior portion of the thoracic cage |
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aka collarbone
Slender, rodlike bones with elongated S shapes
brace the freely movable scapulae & help hold shoulders in place |
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aka shoulder blade
Broad, triangular bones located on either side of the upper back |
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aka articulations
Functional junctions between bones; the union of two or more bones |
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Freely movable joints
includes most joints in the skeletal system |
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| Consists of a bone with a globular or egg-shaped head that articulates with the cup-shaped cavity of another bone |
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| An oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into an elliptical cavity of another bone |
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| Contains nearly flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces that allow sliding and twisting movements |
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| The convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone |
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| The cylindrical surface of one bone rotates within a ring formed of bone and ligament |
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| Forms between bones whose articulating surfaces have both concave and conves regions |
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| Bending at a joint that decreases the angle between bones |
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| Movement increasing the angle between parts at a joint |
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| Movement of a body part away from the midline |
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| Movement of a body part toward the midline |
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| Movement turning a body part around an axis |
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| Movement at the ankle that brings the foot closer to the shin |
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| Movement at the ankle that brings the foot farther from the shin |
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| Extension of the parts at a joint beyond the anatomical position; also an abnormal extension beyond the normal range of motion |
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| Moving a part so that its end follows a circular path |
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| Turning the hand so that the palm is downward or facing posteriorly |
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| Turning the hand so that the palm is upward or facing anteriorly |
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| Turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces laterally |
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| Turning the foot so that the plantar surface faces medially |
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| bony projection where ligaments and tendons attach |
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| Hollow cavities occupied by osteocytes |
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| microscopic canals that connect lacunae |
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Formation of red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets
-Found in spongy bone |
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| supports the tongue and is an attachment for muscles that help move the tongue during swallowing |
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aka shoulder girdle
composed of 4 parts - two clavicles & two scapulae
supports upper limbs and muscle attachment |
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Eight total
aka wrist bones |
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| the five bones of the palm |
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14 finger bones
14 bones of the toes |
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aka thigh bone
longest bone in the body
extends from the hip to the knee |
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aka ankle bones
seven total |
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| five bones of the instep of the foot |
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first cervical vertebra
supports the head |
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second cervical vertebra
Has a toothlike dens on its body that the atlas pivots around |
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seven total
make up the bony axis of the neck
their transverse process have foramina (passageways for arteries) |
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twelve total
long pointed spinous processes that slope downward |
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five fused vertebrae
triangular structure that forms the base of the vertebral column |
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| includes the ribs, thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and costal cartilages that attach the ribs to the sternum |
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| long bone that extends from the scapula to the elbow |
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thumb side of the forearm
extends from elbow to wrist |
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| largest and uppermost portion of the hip bone |
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| forms the lowest portion of the hip bone |
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| anterior portion of the hip bone |
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aka shin bone
medial and larger lower leg bone |
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aka heel bone
helps support body weight and muscle attachment to help move the foot |
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lie between bones that closely contact one another
no movement or limited movement
ex: a suture between two flat bones of the skull |
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Definition
hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage connects the bones
allows limited movement
ex: intervertebral discs |
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Definition
flattened, shock-absorbing pads of fibrocartilage between articulating surfaces
ex: in the knee |
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saclike, fluid-filled structures, lined with synovial membrane, near a joint
ex: between tendons or under bony prominences |
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