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Ch. 5 The Integumentary System
Skin
66
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/03/2012

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Term
Cutaneous Membrane(Part)
Definition
Skin
Term
Cutaneous Membrane(Definition)
Definition
Covers external surface of body
Term
What is the largest organ of the body?
Definition
The Skin
Term
The SUPERFICIAL portion of the skin is composed of...
Definition
Epithelial Tissue
Term
The DEEPER portion of the skin is composed of...
Definition
Connective Tissue
Term
Epidermis
Definition
Composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Term
About 90% of epidermal cells produce...
Definition
Keratin-tough protein that protects underlying tissues
Term
Melanocytes
Definition
Produce the skin pigment melanin that contributes to skin color
Term
Melanin also absorbs damaging...
Definition
UV light
Term
Langerhans Cells
Definition
Help with immunity
Term
Merkel Cells
Definition
Function in the sense of touch
Term
Stratum Basale
Definition
Deepest layer of the epidermis composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar cells
Term
Stratum Corneum
Definition
Outer most layer of skin
Term
Stratum Corneum consists of 25-30 layers of...
Definition
flattened dead keratincytes
Term
This is the layer that is shed and replaced by cells below?
Definition
Stratum Corneum
Term
Newly formed cells are in the stratum basale are slowly pushed to the surface
Definition
Stratum Corneum
Term
Keratinization
Definition
The accumulation of keratin in cells as they are moved to the skin surface
Term
Keratinization process takes about...
Definition
4 weeks
Term
Dermis
Definition
Composed mainly of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers
Term
This is a much thicker layer than the epidermis
Definition
Dermis
Term
Adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves, oil glands && sweat glands are found in this layer
Definition
Dermis
Term
The ability to stretch (layer)
Definition
extensibility (dermis)
Term
Skin Color is determined by...
Definition
the amount of melanin
Term
The amount of pigment the melanocytes produce results in the...
Definition
differences in skin color
Term
Accumulation of melanin in patches
Definition
Freckles
Term
Exposure to ____ stimulates melanin production
Definition
UV light
Term
Melanin serves as a...
Definition
Protective function
Term
Albinism
Definition
Inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin (albinos)
Term
Carotene
Definition
A yellow-orange pigment found in eggs and carrots that is used to make pigments needed for vision.
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
The red oxygen-carrying pigment found in red blood cells
Term
Hair/pili
Definition
Found on most skin surface
Term
What parts do not have hair?
Definition
Palms of hands and feet
Term
Hair on the head protects the scalp from...
Definition
injury and sun rays
Term
What protects eyes from foreign particles?
Definition
Eyebrows and eyelashes
Term
Nose hairs protects from inhaling...
Definition
Bugs and foreign particles
Term
Each hair is a thread of...
Definition
fused, dead, keratinized cells
Term
Shaft
Definition
Superficial hair portion that projects above the surface of the skin
Term
Root
Definition
Hair portion below the surface in the dermis layer
Term
Hair Follicle
Definition
two layers of cells that surround the root at the base that contain nerve endings
Term
Bulb
Definition
Enlarged base of the hair with an indentation for blood vessels
Term
This is the area where new cells are formed and are pushed up when older cells are shed
Definition
Bulb
Term
Arrector Pili
Definition
Smooth muscle cells associated with hairs
Term
Normally hair emerges at an...
Definition
angle
Term
When stressed by cold or fright the arrector pili...
Definition
contracts elevating the hair and causing goose bumps
Term
Glands
Definition
Groups of epithelial cells that secrete a substance
Term
Sebacceous glands (oil glands)
Definition
Secrete an oily substance called sebum
Term
Are directly associated with hair follicles
Definition
Sebacceous glands
Term
Sebum
Definition
Keeps hair from drying out, prevents excessive evaporation, keeps skin soft, and inhibits the growth of certain bacteria
Term
Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) two main types:
Definition
Eccrine Sweat Glands and Apocrine Sweat Glands
Term
Eccrine Sweat Glands
Definition
Helps to regulate body tempature through evaporation
Term
Heat leaves the body as the...
Definition
sweat evaporates
Term
Is most numerous on the forehead, palms, and soles
Definition
Eccrine Sweat Glands
Term
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Definition
Secretion occurs in hair follicles and is more viscous
Term
Do not begin functioning until puberty
Definition
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Term
Stimulated during stress && sexual excitement
Definition
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Term
Ceruminous Glands
Definition
Produce earwax in outer ear
Term
Plates of tightly packed, hard, keratinized cells of the epidermis
Definition
Nails
Term
Visible portion of the nail
Definition
Nail Body
Term
Nail part extending past the finger or toe
Definition
Free Edge
Term
Nail portion not visible
Definition
Nail Root
Term
Origin of nail growth
Definition
Nail Matrix
Term
Stratum Corneum Cells
Definition
Cuticle
Term
Body Temperature Regulation
Definition
liberates sweat to remove heat
Term
Protection
Definition
Protects underlying tissues from external harm such as heat, microbes, and UV
Term
Cutaneous Sensations
Definition
touch, pressure, vibration, and tickling; also warmth and coolness
Term
Excretion and Absorption
Definition
Small role in moving materials in and out of the body
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