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Ch. 5 Integumentary system
Ch. 5 Integumentary system
30
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/16/2013

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Term
Integumentary System is defined as the..
Definition
Skin and all associated structures (hair, nails, and glands)
Term
Five functions of integument
Definition
Body temperature regulation, protection, stimuli perception, excretion of waste materials and synthesis of Vitamin D3.
Term
Epidermis (epithelial layer)
Definition
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Avascular.
Term
Keratinocytes
Definition
Most predominant cell in skin; produce keratin. Also produce antibodies.
Term
Stratum basale (layer 1)
Definition
Deepest layer of epidermis firmly attached to dermis (aka stratum germinativum).
Term
Stratum spinosum (layer 2)
Definition
Spiny layer; several layers; thickest layer in thin skin. Name from many spiny keratinocyets scatters throughout.
Term
Stratum granulosum (layer 3)
Definition
Consists of 1-5 layers keratinocytes; receives nutrients from capillaries in dermal layer; layers above here dead.
Term
Stratum lucidum (layer 4)
Definition
Found in thick skin only! Clear layer; Not in thin skin; Few layers of flat dead keratinocytes; i.e. palms/soles
Term
Stratum corneum (layer 5)
Definition
Horny layer; most superficial epidermis; many cell layers thick; Dead keratinized cells that are filled with keratin - no nuclei/organelles.
Term
Dermis (fibrous connective tissue)
Definition
Second layer of skin; binds body together; 2 layers - papillary and reticular; dense irregular CT.
Term
Papillary layer
Definition
Most superficial of dermis; Areolar CT with collagen/elastic fibers; Form ridges make fingerprints, etc.
Term
Reticular Layer
Definition
80% of dermis; consists of dense irregular CT; named for network (reticulum) of collagen fibers
Term
Free nerve endings
Definition
Sensitive to temperature, pain (nociceptors) and pressure
Term
Meissner's corpuscles
Definition
Sensitive to light pressure, discriminative touch, low vibrations
Term
Pacinian corpuscles
Definition
Sensitive to deep pressure, high frequency vibration. Adapt rapidly.
Term
Hypodermis
Definition
Fatty layer; not actual layer of skin; AKA subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia. Deep to dermis.
Term
Three pigments contribute to skin color.
Definition
Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin.
Term
Skin glands
Definition
Sebaceous, sweat (sudoriferous), and ceruminous glands
Term
Hair and nails composed of...
Definition
keratin
Term
Sebaceous glands
Definition
Produce oily secretion called sebum (keeps skin moist/flexible). Secretion is holocrine.
Term
Sudoriferous "sweat" glands
Definition
2 kinds - Merocrine(most numerous, watery perspiration for cooling); Apocrine(thicker sweat scent glands)
Term
Ceruminous glands
Definition
Found in external auditory canal; Cerumen; waxy; Repels insects and kills bacteria; modified sweat glands "apocrine"
Term
Mammary glands
Definition
Specialized sweat glands located in anterior thorax; produce milk in females; present in both sexes
Term
Hair (pilus) characteristics.
Definition
Dead keratinized cells; Bulb, root and shaft grows in follicle; 3 layers - medulla, cortex, cuticle.
Term
Three kinds of hair
Definition
Lanugo (fine down hair;fetus), vellus(fine unpigmented hair), terminal(long coarse pigmented).
Term
Nail anatomy
Definition
Modification of stratum corneum; very thin dead scaly cells closely packed and filled with parallel keratin fibs
Term
4 stages of injury healing
Definition
1.Bleeding 2.Clot/scab at epidermis surface 3. Granulation occurs/clot dissolves 4. Scar tissue forms
Term
Skin & Aging
Definition
Skin gets thinner, drier; Injuries/infections increase; Dermis sags/wrinkles; Less resilient.
Term
Three types of burns
Definition
1st degree(superficial layer); 2nd degree(deeper,enter reticular layer); 3rd degree(kill all epidermal/dermal layers, can be life threatening).
Term
Arrector pili muscle
Definition
Under sympathetic control, raises hair
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