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| About two-thirds of the body fluid is within cells and is termed________ fluid |
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| When pure water is consumed, the osmolarities of the EFC and ICF_______ |
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| In and adult female, the body consists of about ______ percent water |
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| When water is lost, but electrolytes are retained, osmosis moves water from the ________ to the ________ |
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Definition
| Intracellular fluid to the Extracellular fluid |
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| Consuming a meal high in salt will result in a temporary____ in blood volume. |
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| To reduce brain swelling by pull water out of brain cells, a substance can be injected intravenously to increase the osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid. This substance must not be _______ to brain plasma membrane |
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| Which mineral is as cofactor for hemoglobin synthesis? |
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| ____ is secreted by the pituitary, stimulates water intake, and stimulates water conservation by the kidneys. |
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| Increased ADH will ______ the thirst mechanism? |
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| The most common problems with electrolyte balance are caused by an imbalance between gains and losses of _______ions |
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| A chemical that minimizes changes in the pH of a body fluid by releasing or binding hydrogen ions is called a(n)_______ |
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| The primary role of the ______ buffer system is to limit pH changes caused by organic and fixed acids. |
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Definition
| Carbonic acid bicarbonate |
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Term
| Excess hydrogen ion is eliminated from the body largely by______ |
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Definition
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| When the pH of the extracellular fluid drops, the kidneys excrete______ bicarbonate ions, |
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| Prolonged vomiting can result in metabolic ______ |
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| A person with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus will develop metabolic _______ |
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| A person who consumes large amounts of sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda) to settle an upset stomach risks metabolic ______ |
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| Severe kidney damage (such as glomerulonephritis) often leads to metabolic _______ |
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| Hypoventilation leads to ________? |
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| In response to respiratory alkalosis, kidneys _______ more hydrogen ions |
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| A patient on a ventilator subjected to excessive minute volume is at risk for respiratory_________ |
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| A(n)_______ acid is an acid that cannot leave solution and enter the atmosphere. |
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| When the pH falls below 7.35, a state of _______ exists |
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